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UWYtSk 

YOUNG    REPORTED 

OB, 

|)cto  to  Wtrilt  i 

A   COMPLETE  PHONOGRAPHIC  TE^OiER. 

BEING 

AN    INDUCTIVE    EXPOSITION 

OS1 

PHONOGRAPHY, 

OTTEKDED    AS  A  SCHOOL-BOOK,    AND   TO  AFFORD  OOMPIJ3T*    HAD 

THOROUGH   INSTRUCTION  TO  THOSE  WHO  HAVE  .NOT 

THE  ASSISTANCE  OF  AN  ORAL  TEACHER. 

BY   E.   WEBSTER. 

REVISED   BY   ANDREW  J.   GRAHAM 

_/ 
.# 

S    '* 

NEW  YORK: 
DICK    k    FITZGERALD,    PUBLISHERS, 

IR    AKK    STI:  SET. 

sfc~> 


l,  according  to  Act  of  Congress,  in  tbf>  year  ISj'J  b* 

S.    WEBSTER, 
1C  the  Clerk's  Office  of  th«  Southern  District  of  the  State  of  Nevr  Yelk. 


CONTENTS. 

t'AGI 

PREFACE,       .._..--.          7 

INTRODUCTION,        -        -        -        -        -        -        -  11 

EXPLANATION  OF  TERMS,          -----  22 

^  PHONOGRAPHIC  ALPHABET,       -----  23 

j  EXPLANATION  OF  THE  PHONOGRAPHIC  ALPHABET,        -  25 

M 


-----  26 

<  PLACING  VOWELS  TO  THE  CONSOSANT-PHONOGRAJ  HS,    -  27 

£2  MARKS  OF  PUNCTUATION,                  ....  29 

INDICATION  OF  AN  EMPHATIC  SENTENCE,    -        -*  29 

cv>  READING  EXERCISE,         ------  29 

w  WRITING  EXERCISE,         ------  30 

g  CONSONANT  OUTLINE,       ------  31 

RULES  FOR  PLACING  THE  VOWELS,  -        -        -        -  31 

READING  AND  WRITING  EXERCISES,                              •  32 
5  UPWARD  R,  -------         -32 

^  READING  AND  WRITING  EXERCISES,  33 

THE  S-CIRCLE,        -------  34 

VOCALIZATION  OF  THE  S-CIRCI.E,  35 

THE  VOWEL  PRECEDING  THE  S,  35 

WRITING  EXERCISE,         --....  35 

4m    f^  tr\  f9*  £~~\ 
48359 


VI  CONTESTS. 

• 
WoRD-SlGNS,  -------30 

WRITING  EXERCISE,         ------  37 

PREFIXES  AND  AFFIXES,  ------  38 

HEADING  EXERCISE,         ------  38 

WRITING  EXERCISE,         ------  33 

W  AND  Y,  CONNECTED  win  VOWELS,  39 

READING  EXERCISE,          .......  40 

WORD-SIGNS,          -        -        -        -        -        -        •  41 

WRITING  EXERCISE,         -        -        -        -        -        -  41 

EXPLANATION  OF  WORD-SIGNS,  42 

P  IMPLIED  BY  MAKING  M  HEAVY,  42 

WoRD-SlGNS,  AND    READING    EXERCISl,  43 

THE  L-HOOK,         -----..44 

READING  AND  WRITING  EXERCISF.S,  45 

THE  R-HOOK,          -----..40 

M  MADE  HEAVY,  TO  IMPLY  THE  R-HOOK,  47 

READING  AND  WAITING  EXERCISES,  48 

THE  S-.CIRCLE  IN  THE  L  AND  R-HOOKS,  50 

READING  AND  WRITING  EXERCISES,  -        -        -        -  51,53 

WORD-SIGNS,          -        -        -        -        -        -        -  54, 55 

THE  N-HOOK,         -        -        -        -        -        -        -  56, 57 

THE  SHN-HooK, 58,  59 

HALF-LENGTHED  PHONOGRAPHS,        -        -        -        -  61,  GG 

THE  ST-LOOP         -        -        -        -        -        -        -67, 68 

PECULIARITY  OF  VOCALIZATION,         -        -        -        -  69, 70 

READING  AND  WRITING  EXERCISES,  -  -  71,  76 

PREFIXES  AND  AFFIXES,  -  -  77,  79 

WORD-SIGNS,          -----  -  80, 86 

REAIMNG  AND  WRITING  EXERCISES,  -        -  87,  104 


PREFACE. 

PHONOGRAPHY  is  the  invention  cf  Mr.  ISAAC 
PITMAN,  of  Bath,  England.  It  has  been  before 
the  public  since  the  year  1837  and,  on  account 
of  its  great  philosophical  beauty  and  utility,  has 
won  many  warm  and  enthusiastic  admirers,  both 
in  Great  Britain  and  America.  The  world  will 
ever  be  indebted  to  the  indefatigable  author  of 
this  beautiful  system  of  writing,  for  the  great  ben- 
efit it  is  destined  to  confer  upon  millions,  who  now 
know  not  of  the  existence  of  this  mental  railroad. 
Mr.  PITMAN,  aided  by  others  who  have  thoroughly 
mastered  the  art,  has,  from  time  to  time,  been  able 
greatly  to  simplify  and  improve  the  system  in  somo 
of  its  details. 

Two  years  ago,  a  Phonetic  Council  of  one  hun* 
dred  persons  (fifty  in  Great  Britain,  and  fifty  in 


nii  PREFACE. 

America)  was  elected  by  a  popular  vote  of  tho 
Phonographers  of  each  country,  for  the  purpose  of 
uniting  the  efforts  and  skill  of  all  in  effecting  some 
further  improvements  in  the  art.  This  Council 
terminated  its  labors  (so  far  as  Phonography  is 
concerned)  on  the  first  of  January,  1852.  After  a 
long  and  patient- investigation  of  the  subject,  it  waa 
almost  unanimously  agreed  to  introduce  two  new 
letters  into  the  Phonographic  alphabet,  and  change 
the  system  in  some  other  respects.  It  is  reasonable 
to  believe,  that,  after  so  long  and  so  thorough  an 
investigation,  made  by  the  most  experienced  Pho- 
nographers, the  system  is  as  near  perfection  as  it 
is  possible  for  an  art  to  approximate ;  and  that 
there  exists  no  necessity  for  change  hereafter. 

These  improvements  have  rendered  the  publica- 
tion of  a  new  treatise  on  Phonography  necessary, 
and  hence  the  present  work. 

The  author  of  the  following  pages  claims  nothing 

original  in  Phonography,  having  simply  embodied 
his  own  experience,  as  a  practical  teacher  of  the 
ftrt  He  has  thoroughly  studied  the  wants  of  the 


PIUCFACE.  il 

i$  T04A& 

beginner,  and  has,  by  a  series  of  simple,  analytical, 
and  inductive  exercises,  endeavored  (and  lie  has 
reason  to  hope  tke  effort  has  been  succevssful)  to 
remove  all  that  is  embarrassing  and  discouraging 
to  the  student  in  the  commencement  of  his  Phono- 
graphic studies.  Under  each  rule  is  a  Reading 
Exercise  in  Phonography,  and  a  Writing  Exercise 
in  common  type,  so  that  he  at  once  makes  a  prac- 
tical application  of  the  rule,  both  in  reading  and 
writing,  and  no  word  is  introduced  until  it  can  be 
written  the  best  way.  This  arrangement  precludes 
the  necessity  of  his  ever  being  required  to  unlearn 
that  which  has  cost  him  much  time  and  labor  to 
learn ;  but,  on  the  contrary,  he  is  led  on,  step  by 
step,  from  principle  to  principle,  until  he  has  trav- 
elled over  the  whole  ground  occupied  by  Phonog- 
raphy, or,  in  other  words,  the  whole  ground  occu- 
pied by  the  English  language,  and  made  complete 
master,  not  only  of  an  art  by  wb-ich  he  can  write 
with  the  speed  of  oratorical  speech,  but  the 
philosophy  and  fundamental  prirciples  of  all  lair 
guagcs. 


X  PREFACE. 

If  the  following  pages  shall  be  instrumental  in 
upreading  more  widely  the  benefits  of  Phonog- 
raphy, the  author  will  feel  himself  amply  rewarded 
for  his  labor. 

K   WEBSTER. 


EDITOR'S  NOTE 

THE  revision  of  this  work  was  commenced  at  the  instance  of 
several  phonographic  teachers  who  preferred  it  to  other  treatises  of 
the  kind.  The  revision  has  been  completed.  A  few  words  as  to  its 
character  and  extent.  It  is  now  completely  conformed  to  all  the 
improvements  that  were  made  in  Phonography  by  the  Phonetic 
Council  in  1852 ;  the  faulty  outlines  have  been  replaced  by  thosa 
which  experience  has  shown  to  be  best ;  the  exercises  at  the  closf 
of  the  book  have  been  re-engraved,  and  made  to  accord  with  the 
"  improvements;''  a  chapter  of  miscellaneous  observations  has  been 
added;  and  the  authorized  and  alphabetically-arranged  lists  of 
word-signs  have  replaced  the  list  given  in  former  editions.  This 
treatise,  it  is  now  believed,  will  subserve  the  purposes  of  both 
teachers  and  pupils  better  than  any  other  phonographic  instruc- 
tion-book extant.  Together  with  the  "  Reporter's  Manual,"  u  fur- 
nishes a  complete  course  of  instruction  in  phonetic  shorthand. 
Thousands,  even  without  the  aid  of  a  phonographic  teacher,  have 
become  good  phonographic  writers  by  their  aid— may  thousandi 
more! 

PHONETIC  DKPOT,  NEW  TOEK,  October,  1800. 


11 


iM'RODUCTION. 

IN  commencing  a  new  study,  it  is  natural  for 
persons  to  wish  to  know  something  concerning  the 
nature  of  the  art  or  science  that  is  about  to  engage 
their  attention,  and  occupy  their  time.  And  it  is 
not  only  natural,  but  wise,  for  them  to  inquire 
what  benefit  they  can  reasonably  expect  to  derive 
from  it.  To  enable  them  to  form  a  correct  judg- 
ment upon  this  point,  is  our  present  object. 

Phonography  has  been  before  the  public  since 
1837  and  has  stood  the  test  of  criticism,  scru- 
tiny, and  investigation.  It  has,  by  its  simplicity, 
utility,  and  philosophical  beauty,  attracted  the  at- 
tention, interested,  and  instructed,  many  hundred 
thousand  persons,  in  Great  Britain  and  America, 
The  learned  and  unlearned  have  investigated  it; 
and,  without  exception,  awarded  it  their  unre- 
served praise.  The  study  is  a  source  of  pleasure 
arid  delight:  the  old  admire  its  simplicity  and  phi- 


Xli  INTRODUCTION. 

losophical  brevity ;  the  young  hail  it  as  a  time  aud 
labor-saving  art.  For  accuracy  and  despatch  in 
business  transactions,  it  is  unsurpassed  by  any 
system  of  writing  ever  known.  To  the  lawyer, 
the  minister,  and  the  editor,  it  is  as  the  railroad  to 
the  traveller.  That  the  steam  engine  has  given 
some  additional  facilities  in  locomotion,  no  one 
will  deny.  To  travel  from  i\ew  York  to  Boston, 
or  Washington,  is  now  a  pleasant  excursion;  the 
time  was,  when  it  required  more  days  than  it  now 
does  hours;  and  no  man,  after  having  been  once 
dragged  through  the  mud,  in  the  old,  uncomfort- 
able, lumbering  stage-coach,  occasionally  prying  it 
out  of  the  mire  with  a  rail,  has  any  wish  or  incli- 
nation to  travel  over  the  route  again. 

What  the  steam  engine  has  done  in  locomotion 
and  commerce,  PHONOGRAPHY  will  do  in  fastening 
thought  upon  paper.  Speeches,  sermons,  and  edi- 
torial articles,  that  now  require  the  labor  of  six 
hours,  can  be  written  in  one.  Introduce  Phonog- 
raphy into  our  schools;  let  the  children  study  it, 
as  they  study  other  branches  of  learning,  guided 
by  a  competent  and  judicious  teacher;  and,  when 
they  enter  the  business  of  life,  they  will  pen  their 
own  thoughts  at  the  rate  of  two  hundred  and  liflv 


INTRODUCTION.  Xlll 

words  per  minute !  Nay,  start  not  at  this  state- 
ment;  though  startling,  it  is,  nevertheless,  true! 
We  have  seen  boys  write  over  two  hundred  words 
in  one  minute,  in  less  than  two  years  from  the 
time  they  first  saw  the  Ponographie  alphabet. 

Now,  contrast  this  with  the  speed  at  which  the 
most  rapid  long-hand  write]  can  commit  words  to 
paper,  and  it  will  be  seen  that  the  gain  is  immense. 
The  most  rapid  writer,  in  the  common  hand,  can, 
by  great  effort,  write  only  forty-three  words  per 
minute,  and  that  only  for  a  few  minutes  at  a  time. 
The  ordinary  rate  of  long-hand  writing  is  about 
twenty  or  twenty -five  words' per  minute. 

The  literary  men  of  the  coming  generation,  by 
mastering  Phonography,  can  pen  their  thoughts 
at  the  rate  of  two  hundred  and  fifty  words  per 
minute,  and  send  them  to  the  press  without  being 
driven  to  the  disagreeable  drudgery  of  scrawling 
them  out  in  long-hand.  The  amount  of  mental 
work  a  man  can  do  in  a  lifetime,  with  this  mighty 
engine  at  his  command,  is  almost  beyond  computa> 
tion.  It  is  a  fact,  no  less  true  than  lamentable, 
that  a  man's  best  thoughts  are  often  the  most 
evanescent:  they  come  like  the  vivid  flashes  of 
lightning,  to  ilVimine  the  darkness  of  the  night 


JQV  INTRODUCTION. 

for  a  moment,  and  are  gone,  peihaps  never  to 
return;  like  shadows  o'er  the  heath  they  come, 
so  depart,  leaving  no  t-ace  behind. 

Every  man,  who  has  been  in  the  habit  of  wri- 
ting, knows  that  there  are  moments,  when  he  seems 
to  be  elevated  by  a  kind  of  inspiration :  thought 
crowds  on  thought,  impatient  for  iitterance;  the 
imagination  is  alive,  and  acts  with  all  the  speed 
of  electricity.  In  these  favored  moments,  he  feels 
the  want  of  some  rapid  means  of  fastening  words 
upon  paper:  the  tardy  movements  of  the  hand  crip- 
ple and  clog  the  imagination  in  its  sublime  and  lof- 
ty flights :  the  mind,  without  Phonography,  is  like 
an  eagle  without  pinions — strong,  but  powerless. 

He  that  writes  much,  will  in  time  write  well; 
and  the  ready  writer  is  in,  the  way  of  becoming  a 
deep  thinker :  the  deep  thinker  and  ready  writer 
will  become,  in  time,  a  correct  and  ready  speaker. 

The  incidental  advantages  derived  from  the 
study  of  Phonography  are  numerous.  A  correct 
knowledge  of  the  fundamental  principles  and  phi- 
losophy of  all  language  is  secured :  and  the  mental 
discipline,  in  following  a  speaker,  is  unsurpassed, 
even  by  the  study  of  mathematics;  every  faculty 
of  the  mind  is  aroused;  every  energy  is  brought 


INTRODUCTION.  XV 

to  a  focus;  "  thoughts  that  breathe,  and  words  that 
burn,"  pass  in  at  the  ear,  and  run  out  at  the  finger- 
ends,  in  characters  as  legible  and  symmetrical  as  if 
done  by  the  Daguerreian's  art — speech  daguerreo- 
typed ! 

The  young  man,  who  commences  life  without  a 
knowledge  of  Phonography,  starts  upon  a  long 
journey,  perhaps,  in  an  old,  worn-out,  rickety, 
Mexican  Diligence,  drawn  by  woe-begone  skeleton- 
mules,  urged  on  by  the  motive  power  of  a  Mexican 
"goad."  If,  on  the  contrary,  he  commences  this 
journey,  with  a  thorough  knowledge  of  this  art 
in  his  head,  and  its  practical  utility  at  his  finger- 
ends,  he  starts  upon  this  eventful  career  in  a 
strong,  well-made  car,  drawn  by  the  snorting  fire- 
steed,  whose  iron  sinews  never  tire.  That  the 
latter  enjoys  advantages  over  his  more  conserva- 
tive fellow-traveller,  no  man  of  sense  will  deny. 
Said  THOMAS  BENTON,  when  presented  with  a 
verbatim  report  of  one  of  his  masterly  speeches, 
taken  by  a  little  boy,  "  Had  this  art  been  known 
forty  years  ago,  it  would  have  saved  me  twenty 
years  of  hard  labor!"  The  Honorable  Senator 
uttered  but  a  part  of  the  truth :  the  labo :  of  .n* 
years  can  be  d :ne  in  one! 


XVI  INTRODUCTION". 

For  verbatim  reporting,  correspondence,  book- 
keeping, memoranda,  and  composition,  Phonogra- 
phy is  unequalled  by  any  system  of  writing  ever 
invented.  Books  are  written,  and  sent  to  the  com- 
positor in  Phonographic  manuscript,  and  set  up 
without  difficulty,  and  with  less  errors  than  is 
usual  with  common  long-hand  manuscript ;  in 
proof  of  this,  we  point  in  triumph  to  the  fact,  that 
this  work  has  been  written  entirely  in  Phonogra- 
phy, and  set  up  by  Mr.  CHARLES  BLANCHARD, 
Phonographic  Compositor;  making  a  clean  saving 
of  five-sixths  of  the  mechanical  labor  to  the  author. 

Business  letters  are  dictated  by  merchants  to 
their  Phonographic  clerks,  in  a  few  minutes,  that 
would  require  hours  to  write  them  themselves; 
and  inventories  of  goods  are  taken  as  rapidly  as 
they  can  be  called  off.  Literary  men,  who  do 
not  understand  Phonography,  employ  Phonograpic 
amanuenses,  thereby  securing  to  themselves  the 
advantages  of  Phonography,  without  being  at  the 
trouble  of  learning  it,  as  the  business  man  avails 
himself  of  the  despatch  of  the  telegraph,  without 
building  one  of  his  own. 

To  the  mechanic  and  working  man,  Phonogra- 
phy comes  as  a-co-laborei  to  aid  him  in  the  acqui- 


l-STKODUCIION.  XVU 

§ition  of  knowledge,  as  the  steam  engine  aids  him 
with  speed  and  power,  in  the  accomplishment  of 
ends  to  which  muscular  power  is  utterly  inade- 
quate. 

To  the  young,  who  are  toiling  up  the  hill  of 
science,  Phonography  affords  great  facilities.  If 
the  student  be  poor,  let  him  master  this  great  art, 
and  convert  his  knowledge  into  gold.  "  Phonogra- 
phic boys,"  not  yet  nineteen  years  old,  are  now 
getting  $200  per  month!  If  they  were  to-day 
destitute  of  a  knowledge  of  Phonography,  they 
could  not  get  $20  per  month.  What  has  been 
done,  can  be  done  again;  it  requires  but  the 
determined  effort. 

Most  of  the  verbatim  reporting  in  the  United 
States  is  now  done  in  Phonography ;  but  that  a 
few  should  become  rapid  writers,  and  make  money 
out  of  Phonography,  is,  to  our  thinking,  a  very 
small  matter;  the  art  is  like  the  air  we  breathe,  or 
the  light  of  the  sun — for  everybody — for  the  mil' 
lion.  It  knocks  gently  at  the  door  of  the  school- 
bouse,  and  unobtrusively  asks  for  admission.  It 
comes  to  lend  its  aid  and  stimulus  to  the  young 
and  vigorous  mind  ;  not  to  one,  but  to  aH.  Pho- 
nography should  be  as  familiar  in  the  school -house 


XV1U  INTRODUCTION*. 

as  the  spelling-book,  and  as  well  won..  Here  is  a 
great  boon,  the  common  property  of  all ;  shall  they 
uot  have  it?  To  the  schoolmaster,  to  the  school 
committee,  to  the  trustees  and  controllers,  to  ono 
and  to  all,  we  say,  Shall  they  not  have  it  ?  What 
hinders?  Teachers  may  master  Phonography  from 
the  books,  and  teach  it  to  the  chil'3 .  <jn  under  their 
care,  if  they  are  persons  of  energy ;  if  not,  they 
have  no  business  in  the  school-room :  the  leprosy 
of  indolence  is  contagious,  and  the  school-house  is 
no  place  for  a  person  afflicted  with  that  disease. 
Let  it  not  be  said  that  the  trustees  and  directors 
are  fearful  of  innovations.  The  art  of  printing  was 
once  a  great  innovation ;  but  what  a  glorious  morn 
was  that,  when  GUTTEXBERG,  in  his  smoky,  dusty 
shop,  said,  by  the  power  of  moveable  types, 

"  Let  there  be  light !  ' 

and  light  was.  Your  magnetic  telegraph,  your 
steam  engine,  your  cotton  gin,  were  all,  all,  once 
innovations,  and  yet  you  could  not— nay,  you 
would  not — do  without  them  now.  Think  not 
of  die  innovation,  but  of  the  immense  benefit  you 
will  confer  upon  the  children  under  your  care- 
they  are  innocent  and  helpless;  they  rake  whal 


INTRODUCTION. 

jou  give  tliem ;  you  bring  them  mental  food,  aa 
the  old  bird  feeds  her  young;  they  ask  for  bread, 
will  you  give  them  a  stone?  You  have  a  more 
rapid  means  of  transit  from  place  to  place  than 
your  fathers  had,  and  you  rejoice  in  the  improve- 
ment ;  give  the  children,  under  your  fostering  care, 
a  means  of  fastening  thought  upon  paper  with  the 
rapidity  of  oratorical  speech,  and  they  will  reward, 
you,  with  overflowing  hearts  of  gratitude,  when, 
in  the  years  of  maturity,  they  shall  appreciate  the 
boon. 

To  the  editorial  fraternity,  we  appeal  with  confi- 
dence for  aid  in  this  great  work  of  mental  eleva- 
tion. Phonography  is  an  invention  second  to  none 
that  has  ever  blessed  and  gladdened  the  hearts  of 
men;  aid  us,  then,  with  your  powerful  pens,  and 
with  your  influence.  If  so  be  that  you  never 
enjoy  its  advantages,  your  children  may;  if  not 
your  children,  perhaps  the  orphan  boy,  and  the 
friendless,  may  be  benefited  by  it.  A  kind-hearted 
old  man  will  plant  fruit-trees,  although  he  knows 
that,  in  all  probability,  he  will  slumber  in  the 
silent  grave  ere  the  golden  fruit  shall  ripen  upon 
their  branches. 

A.11  may  not  have  the  time  to  peruse  the  pages 


XX  INTRODUCTION. 

of  this  work.  To  enable  such  to  form  a  correct 
estimate  of  the  time  saved  by  phonographic  wri- 
ting, we  ask  you  to  look  carefully  at  the  following 
illustrations.  Take,  for  example,  the  word 


and  you  are  required  to  make  twenty-four  move- 
ments of  the  hand  to  write  it ;  and  yet  there  are 
but  two  sounds.  In  Phonography,  the  sound  rep- 
resented by  the  letters  ih  is  represented  by  a  line, 
thus  (  The  sound  represented  by  the  ough,  by  a 
heavy  dash,  thus  .  Now,  if  you  place  these  two 
characters  together,  you  write  the  word  by  two 
simple  movements  of  the  hand,  thus  (-  making 
a  saving  of  eleven-twelfths  of  the  mechanical 
labor. 

It  will  be  seen,  by  a  little  investigation,  that  the 
Phonographic  alphabet  is  composed  of  the  most 
simple  characters  that  can  be  formed  with  the  pen : 
the  dot,  dash,  straight  and  curved  line.  In  wri- 
ting, the  pen  naturally  glides  from  the  formation 
of  one  letter  to  that  of  another,  until  the  whole 
word  is  written,  and,  in  many  instances,  several 
words,  and  even  a  whole  sentence,  without  it* 
being  lifted  from  the  paper 


INTRODUCTION. 

Take,  for  instance,  the  phrase, 

tncte    wotda    n<-£   nave    vecn, 


and,  in  writing  this  phrase  in  common  long-hand, 
you  must  make  one  hundred  and  forty-two  move- 
ments of  the  ,pen:  written  in  Phonography,  but 
seven,  thus  v.  Here  is  a  gain  of  one  hundred 
and  thirty-five  motions  of  the  hand.  .  To  the  Pho- 
nographer,  the  last  is  as  legible  as  the  first  The 
abridgment  of  the  mechanical  labor  is  so  great, 
that  the  hand  keeps  pace  with  the  organs  of 
speech,  with  ease  and  pleasure  to  the  writer. 

In  this  introduction,  the  author  has  not  dwelt 
upon  the  beauty  and  philosophical  symmetry  of 
the  system  —  a  theme  full  of  interest  to  every  stu 
dious  mind  —  but  he  has  endeavored,  rather,  to 
place  Phonography  before  the  uninitiated,  in  its 
true  light,  convincing  all,  if  possible,  of  its  intrinsic 
worth,  and  thereby  securing  its  speedy  introduc- 
tion into  every  school,  academy,  and  college,  as  a 
necessary  branch  of  education. 


EXPLANATION  OF   TERMS. 

PHONOGRAPHY  is  the  art  of  writing  by  sound. 
The  term  is  derived  from  two  Greek  words:  phone, 
Bound,  or  voice ;  and  grcephein,  to  write,  to  write 
the  voice ;  or  to  write  the  sounds  of  the  voice  by 
using  characters,  each  one  of  which  represents  an 
elementary  sound. 

PHONOGRAPH,  a  written  letter  or  character  repre- 
senting a  sound  of  the  voice;  as,  e,  \b. 

LOGOGRAM,  a  word-sign  or  phonograph  which, 
for  the  sake  of  brevity,  represents  a  whole  word; 
as,  /  for  advantage. 

PHONOTYPY,  printing  by  sound ;  by  using  an 
alphabet  containing  as  many  letters  as  there  are 
elementary  sounds  in  the  language. 

PHONETICS,  the  science  on  which  phonography 
and  phonotypy  are  based. 

"  A  science  consists  of  general  principles  that  are 
to  be  known ;  an  art,  of  particular  rules  for  some 
tiling  that  is  to  be  done." — Ardibishop  Whateley. 


PHONOGRAPHIC  ALPHABET. 

VOWELS. 

Loro. 

SHORT                 DIPHTHJNOI. 

Ifert. 

•\  fate. 

';  fit.           y:-  might. 
•i  met.         Aj  toil. 

'1  Gaiighey. 
>\  Stoi'c. 

.!  father 
"!  taught, 

.:  cat.          <j  plow. 
I  fop  .          '!  Deity. 

TRIPTHONG» 

-j  thouo:/i. 

•{up.           <j  clayey. 

*]  wire 

Jfood. 

_•  foot.         <•  ah-i. 

n!  woi^nd. 

CONSONANTS. 

\  pip. 

^/arm.                 r 

Sne. 

1   tide. 

^  vice.                  "> 
(  th'm.                  ^ 

ray 

1  day. 
/  cAeek. 

(  them.               ^ 
)   sight.                 ^ 
)  zeal.                   / 

night. 
long. 
or  •  7iate. 

_  kite. 

j  shoe.                 ^ 

wide. 

-go. 

j  pleasure.           r 

yes. 

W  AND 

Y   CONNECTED   WITH   A 

VOWEL. 

c!  we. 

w'ck.         "i  year. 

1  — 

«;  way. 

c  wed.           v-  yea. 

-;.**, 

^wah 

c  wag.          J  ya/* 

„•  yam. 

*  toall. 

watch.       "i  yawn. 

i  yon. 

>i  WO. 

>  wonder.     -1  yoked. 

'•  young. 

-.:  WOO. 

i 

i  wood.         ,1  yow. 

,!  — 

LESSON    I. 

EACH  phonograph  or  letter  should  be  committed 
to  memory  as  the  representative  of  a  distinct  sound. 
It  should  not  be  associated  in.  the  mind  with  the 
letters  of  the  old  alphabet,  but  should  be  so  fixed 
in  the  memory,  that  the  phonograph  will  bring  to 
mind  the  sound  that  it  represents,  and  the  sound 
will  suggest  the  phonograph.  To  accomplish  this,  it 
is  well  to  make  the  phonograph  repeatedly,  giving 
the  sound  it  represents  at  the  same  time.  If  there 
is  doubt  in  the  mind  as  to  the  correct  sound,  let  the 
student  pronounce  the  word  containing  the  sound, 
and  then  the  letter  or  letters  representing  the  same 
sound  that  the  phonograph  does,  and  he  will  have 
no  difficulty  in  giving  the  correct  sound. 

In  the  phonographic  alphabet,  it  will  be  seen  that 
the  letter  or  letters  representing  the  same  sound  that 
the  phonographic  character  does  are  in  Italics.  For 
instance:  in  the  word  now,  the  first  element  is  rep- 
resented by  the  phonograph  ^.,  and  the  last  by  A  ; 
let  him  pronounce  the  whole  word,  and  then  drop 
the  first  element,  and  he  will  have  the  sound  repre- 
sented by  the  oiv,  or  A 

2 


26 


PHONOGRAPHIC   TEACHEK. 


The  vertical  and  inclined  phonographs  are  writ- 
ten downwards,  with  the  exception  of  f  when 
standing  alone,  which  is  made  from  the  line  of 
writing  upward ;  the  horizontal  from  the  left  to  the 
right. 

The  first  place  is  at  the  point  of  beginning ;  the 
second  place  in  the  middle;  and  the  tidrd  place  at 
the  end  or  termination  of  the  phonog? a  pit. 

TABLE  OF  VOWELS,  DIPHTE  ">NGS,  AN)>  TRIPTHONG&. 


DOT-VOWELS. 

DASn-VOWKl.S. 

Long. 

Short. 

Long. 

Short. 

First  place. 

'  e 

1 

~  aw 

~  0 

Second  place. 

•  a 

•  e 

"  O 

-uh 

Third  place. 

.ah 

.  a 

.  cc 

.00 

First  place. 
Second  place. 
Third  Blace. 


DIPRTIIONTfS. 

<\ayey 

.  QW 


w 


VXM 


27 


LESSON    II. 

To  write  words  phonographically,  it  is  necessary 
first  to  ascertain  the  sound  heard  in  their  pronuncia- 
tion; this  can  be  done  very  readily,  by  pronouncing 
the  words  slowly. 

The  consonant-phonographs  are  written  first,  the 
pen  passing  from  the  formation  of  one  consonant  to 
that  of  another,  without  being  raised  from  the  paper 
until  the  consonant  outline  of  the  word  is  completed. 
The  vowels  are  inserted  afterwards,  but  must  not 
be  allowed  to  touch  the  consonants. 

If  the  vowel  precedes  the  perpendicular  or  inclined 
•onsonant,  it  is  placed  at  the  left,  thus:  1  ,  .1  ;  if 
it  follows,  it  is  put  on  the  right,  thus :  I* ,  "\  If 
the  vowel  precedes  the  horizontal  consonant,  it  is 
placed  above  it,  thus:  ~,  _i_ ;  if  it  follows,  it  is 
placed  below,  thus:  _  ,  v 

The  first-place  vowels  are  put  on  the  side  of  the 
consonant,  near  its  beginning,  thus:  1  ,  \  ,  •"";  the 
second-place  vowels  at  the  middle,  thus:  -I ,  >  ,  ^' 
and  the  third-place  vowels  near  the  end,  thus:  .1 

The  dash-vowels  are  usually  written  at  right 
angles  with  the  consonants,  thus:  _,  v 


28  PHONOGRAPHIC    TEACHER. 

The  diphthongs  and  tripthongs  occupy  the  same 
position  in  the  word  that  they  do  in  the  phoneno 
alphabet,  never  inclining  to  the  position  of  the  con- 
sonant; as,  \,  \ 

The  position  of  the  vowels  may  be  indicated  by 
a  dotted  line;  as,  -I;  or  the  nominal  consonant, 
thus:  f ,  -f  >  or  1>  according  to  the  situation  of  the 
vowels  placed  to  it;  as,  *-};  Eah,  a  proper  name; 
•J.  Et  for  Edmund;  J  A,  for  Alfred;  et  cetera.  The 
stroke- vowels  may  be  written  thus:  7  0,  for  Oliver- 
S  -f  ^jt^  H(enry)  U(mfreville)  Janson.  When 
joined  to  a  consonant,  this  nominal  stroke  may  be 
written  in  any  direction ;  as,  -^-  maoua. 

Horizontal  consonants  having  an  accented  vowel 
in  the  first  place  are  written  above  the  line,  thus: 
~,  *~"  ;  but  if  the  accented  vowel  is  second  or  third 
place,  it  is  written  on  the  line,  thus:  __,  ^  Hint, 
and  any  are  exceptions ;  him  being  written  on  the 
line,  and  any  above,  thus:  ••_,  ~ 

If  two  vowels  precede  a  consonant,  the  first  vowel 
is  put  a  little  further  from  the  consonant  than  the 
other,  thus :  -|-  ;  if  they  follow,  the  last  vowel  is 
put  a  little  further  from  the  consonant,  thus:  T 

When  a  vowel  is  preceded  by  the  aspirate  h,  it  is 
written  thus:  "X  ,  or  -\  ;  w  may  be  aspirated 
oy  a  tick,  thus :  *V  awhile.  If  there  is  no  con- 
'eouant  in  the  word,  the  stroke-letter  is  used;  as, 
2>  Ohio.  lie  is  written  by  a  light  and  1-eavy 
dot  above  the  line,  thus:  "* 


PHONOGRAPHIC    TEACHER.  & 

The  period  is  indicated  by  a  small  cross,  thus:  *  ; 
the  note  of  exclamation,  by  1  ;  the  mark  of  inter- 
rogation, §  ;  grief,  I  ;  laughter,  ?  ;  the  other  marks 
of  punctuation  are  the  same  as  in  ordinary  writing. 
The  exclamation,  ah,  is  written  by  a  large  dotand  ex- 
clamation thus  :  .  !,and  eh,  by  a  small  dot  thus  /,  «r 
•i  . 

An  emphatic  word  or  sentence  -is  indicated  by  a 
waved  line  being  drawn  beneath  it,  thus:  J^;  a 
capital  letter  is  shown  by  two  parallel  dashes  being 
placed  directly  below  it,  thus:  *  . 

READING   EXERCISE. 


/,     -I,    N,      /  ,      "I,      /,      S,     V.      .1,    J,    1    • 

v/;     ^,    C,    ^,  'I    .     >\,    »\     1     'I,    !-,    (-, 
c,  4  „      *,•(,.*,  r,  -x,   -),  x,    y,   ^1,  N  « 

j,  L,  j,  j,  >,  s,  -j,  "),  -x  "1,  -I,  ^,  r, 
v,  r,  r,  /*,  ^.,  \.  ^  , 


80  PHONOGRAPHIC  TEACHER. 


WRITING  EXERCISE. 

Me,  may,  mow,  nay,  no,  gnaw,  ache,  oak,  aim. 
own,  ray,  lay,  law,  loa,  she,  show,  age,  etch,  ape, 
ate,  odd,  hop,  hope,  hoop,  dough,  do,  though,  sow, 
rye,  my,  shy,  ice,  eyes,  tie,  toy,  boy,  joy- 


31 


LESSON    III. 

WHEN  several  consonant-phonographs  are  united, 
they  are  termed  the  consonant  outline  or  skeleton  of  u 
word.  The  first  inclined  consonant  should  rest  upon 
the  line  of  writing,  thus :  "^  cape,  "v_  beak.  Hori- 
zontal consonants,  having  an  accented  vowel  in  the 
first  place,  are  written  above  the  line,  thus:  r~— 
nick,  r~x~  meek. 

All  first-place  vowels  are  put  to  the  first  conso- 
nant, thus:   '"N  keep,  L_  tick. 

All  second-place  long  vowels  are  pot  to  the  first 
consonant;  as,    x_    bake, s  game. 

All  second-place  short  vowels  are  put  to  the  sec- 
ond consonant ;  as,  \_i.  beg,  U  dumb. 

All  third-place  vowels  are  put  to  the  second  con- 
sonant ;  as,  v_'  book,  ~7  catch. 

If  two  vowels  come  between  two  consonants,  they 
may  be  divided  between  the  consonants,  without 
regard  to  their  being  short  or  long  vowels ;  as,  v<j 
palliate. 

A  straight-line  phonograph  is  repeated  by  making 
it  twice  the  length  of  a  single  phonograph ;  as.   ,. — 
coke,  ~        ki'Jc. 


32  PHONOGRAPHIC  TEACHER. 

Note.  —  Previous    lessons    should   always    be    thoroughly 
reviewed  at  each  recitation. 

READING   EXERCISE. 

<--,    *v,  ~7,  L,  L...  L-,  V,  k,  ^         -»N  , 


»  "S    ^—  >  Q  >  ^   <^' 

,    J  ,  V     ^-^  ,    l^f  V 


WRITING  EXERCISE. 

Shake,  peak,  bake,  bale,  cheek,  check,  chalk, 
peat,  pat,  pate,  pet,  foal,  feel,  fell,  fail,  fore,  fear, 
keep,  cape,  cope,  cap,  form,  cheaply,  took,  coop, 
chafe,  move,  make,  book,  bake. 

It  has  been  found  convenient,  in  practice,  to  give 
R  a  second  form  ;  which  is  struck  from  the  line  of 
writing  upward,  at  an  angle  of  thirty  degrees,  and 
may  be  called  the  up-stroke  R;  as,  x  roe,  /.  ray. 
It  can  readily  be  distinguished  from  /  c//,  -\\hich 
is  always  written  downwards,  at  an  angle  of  sixty 
degrees  ;  as,  Zl  cheek,  /I  rich.  This  form  of  the  R 


PHONOGRAPHIC  TEACHER.  33 

is  generally  used  at  the  end  of  a  word,  when  fol- 
lowed by  a  vowel ;  as,    _/  carry. 

READING  EXERCISE. 
Af  -A»  \?»  A»     V>  ,  -4,   "^,    -^,    -4.     £--,  ^-  C,~~ 

r~*    .    /—  ,   x\  ,  XXs!',  IVV  .    C  ,  'C  ,  vx^,  i^  , 

•      i     •) 


WRITING  EXERCISE. 


Fail,  folly,  liar,  bill,  meanly,  thumb,  alarm,  cash, 
shook,  gnash,  push,  shave,  ship,  shallow,  shed. 

Write,  lock,  diary,  ready,  robe,  derive,  poorly, 
harp,  form,  power,  fire. 


2* 


LESSON    IV. 

THE  s  and  z  may  be  represented  by  a  small  cir- 
cle, thus :  0  5,  o  z;  the  circle  being  thickened  a 
little  on  one  side  for  z,  when  great  accuracy  LH 
required.  This,  however,  in  practice  is  seldom 
done.  This  form  of  the  s  and  z  increases  both  the 
beauty  and  speed  of  the  writing.  The  circle  may 
be  joined  to  the  other  phonographs.  It  is  made 
upon  the  left  of  the  upward  r,  the  upper  side  of  kt 
and  on  the  right  side  of  t,  ch,  etc.,  as  exhibited  in 
«  IV  the  annexed  figure.  It  is  put  upon  the  con- 
•^  cave  side  of  the  curves,  as  will  be  seen  by 
the  following  simple  arrangement : 

\   sp,   \    sb,    f  st,    f  sd,   /°  sch,  /"  sj,   ._  sk, 
,__  sg,    1    sf,   C.    sv,    C    sth,    0    sth,    J    ss,    }   sz, 
)   ssh,   J   szh,    f   si,    •>  sr,  s    sr,  <-,  sm,  «-  sn, 
^  sng. 

The  circle  is  turned  in  the  most  convenient  way 
when  it  comes  between  two  straight  or  two  curved 
phonographs,  but  is  very  rarely  placed  upon  the 
back  of  the  curve,  thus:  ]^_  task,  £  chosen,  ^±, 
mason, 

If  the  sound  of  s  o-  z  is  heard  twice  or  more  in 


PHONOGRAPHIC    TEACHER.  35 

a  word,  and  in  close  contact,  the  circle  is  made 
twice  its  usual  size,  thus:  ^  piece,  NO  pieces,  _o 
yuess,  _JD  guesses. 

This  character  is  seldom  vocalized,  but  may  be  by 
putting  the  vowel  in  the  circle,  thus:  .-__/>  eaercise. 
A  large  circle  is  never  used  at  the  commencement 
of  a  phonograph. 

The  stroke-phonographs  are  vocalized  the  same 
as  if  the  circle  had  not  been  joined  to  them,  thus: 
7  seat.  The  circle  is  read  first,  then  the  vowel, 
and  lastly  the  consonant-phonograph.  But  if  the 
vowel  follows  the  circle,  the  two  consonants  may 
be  read  together ;  as,  f»  stay,  T  sty,  £  slo-w,  ^  snow. 

If  the  circle  terminates  a  word,  the  vowel  is  read 
between  the  stroke-consonant  and  the  circle,  thus : 
^  face,  ^  moose,  ^  mouse. 

But  when  a  vowel  precedes  the  s  at  the  begin- 
ning of  a  word,  the  stroke-phonograph  should  be 
used,  thus:  .!_  ask,  "L_  Isaac.  When  the  vowel  fol- 
lows the  *  or  z,  the  stroke-phonograph  should  be 
used,  thus:  V  busy,  ^)  rosy. 

Words  which  have  no  other  consonant  in  them 
should  be  written  with  the.  long  sign,  thus:    )*  sea, 
-)•  essay. 

BEADING   EXERCISE. 

f-,  Y,  L  &..,  r  r,  T,  .r,  .r,  o,  %  -^ 


36  PHONOGRAPHIC   TfcACHER. 

WORD-SIGNS. 
Atofi  tht  Lint.  On  the  Lint. 

the,  .  and,  an, 

%   all,  .   a, 

of,  .      %   two. 

'    or,  v  to, 

1   awe,  already,  •  but, 

'  ought,  •    oh, 

on,  /   who, 

V,  for,  x   should, 

~"  give,  *   how, 

I,  »   aye  (yes), 

—  in,  I   it, 

<    that,  <   without, 

0  is,  o  as, 

*   his.  o  has. . 

WRITING '  EXERCISE. 

Expensive,  business,  discourse,  sell,  soil,  song, 
gun,  slay,  size,  eggs,  nose,  time,  toil,  rusty,  boots, 
passes,  supposes,  observes,  sorrows,  scissors,  life, 
says. 


PHONOGRAPHIC    TEACHER.  .37 

Give  me  my  book.  Kiches  may  fill  uu  empty 
head,  and  make  it  giddy;  but  we  all  know  that 
"money  makes  the  mare  go."  He  that  does  not 
look  to  his  own  business,  may  come  to  poverty. 
The  poor  may  have  many  joys  that  the  rich  have 
not  He  who  has  no  business  ia  sexdom  happy. 


448353 


38 


LESSON    V 

THE  prefixes  com  and  con  are  expressed  by  a 
light  dot  at  the  commencement  of  a  word,  thus: 
X,  compose,  U,  condemn. 

The  termination  ing  is  written  by  a  light  dot  at 
the  end  of  a  word,  thus:  \  being,  I.  doing.  A 
heavy  dot  may  be  placed  at  the  end  of  a  word  to 
express  ings,  thus:  ^  beings,  \.  doings.  It  is  some- 
times better  to  use  the  long  sign,  thus:  ^  ings, 
(-.^AJ,  meanings. 

A  tick  may  be  joined  to  a  word-sign  to  express 
the,  thus  :  >  of  the,  y  all  the,  >  to  the,  etc. 

READING   EXERCISE. 
T  »     f»  '--I"      S\.  »    -f  i    "  I)   '     ,      I,    LS»   -^     ^j     *t  i 


t   y   *    J    s    c  j,       *  •     S.   -r-  \    \ 


\ 

--  V  •  '  r  ^  ^-  *•-  c)  "   ^ 
L  n     .  .r  X1  « 


PHONOGRAPHIC  TEA3HEB.  39 


WRITING  EXERCISE. 

Compel,  common,  concede,  conceit,  convince, 
conceal,  changing,  causing,  aiming,  fishing,  hear- 
ing, common  sense,  laughing,  company,  commen- 
cing, compose,  being,  beings,  sitting,  guiding, 
committee,  diminishing,  seize,  confess,  copying, 
escaping. 

Common  sense  is  a  safe  guide  in  business.     Cus- 
tom, and  not  common  sense,  is  the  common  guici 
The  epicure  lives  to  eat,  but  the  wise  man  eats 
live. 

The  w  represents  a  light  whispered  sound,  and 
is  very  seldom  heard  by  itself.  In  the  pronuncia- 
tion of  almost  every  word  in  the  language,  it  ia 
heard  in  connection  with  a  vowel ;  hence,  the  two 
sounds  are  represented  by  a  small  semi-circle,  thus:  < 
The  same  rules  are  applied  to  this  character  that 
govern  the  rowel  arrangement.  The  learner  will  be 
very  much  assisted  in  committing  these  characters 
to  memory,  by  associating  them  with  the  vowela 
thus:  'I  e,  •!  a,  \  ah;  c  we,  <•  wa,  e  wah.  The 
semi-circle  never  inclines  to  harmonize  with  the 
long  phonograph,  but  should  always  be  placed  in 
its  proper  position,  thus:  c\  weepj  _*_  woke,  _<  wag, 
«V.  wave, 

The   above   observations  will    apply  to   the'y, 


40 


PHONOGRAPHIC    TEACHER. 


which  always  represents  a  whispered  sound,  and  is 
heard  in  connection  with  a  vowel,  and  is  governed 
by  the  same  rules  that  the  w  semi-circle  is,  thus: 
1  youth,  _A_  yoke. 

W  CONNECTS   WITH   A  VOWEL. 


Long. 

First  place.  ci  we 
Second  place.  «l  wa 
Third  place.  J  wah 


Short.             .  Long.              Skort. 

Wl 

waw      ' 

wo 

we           > 

wo         > 

wiih 

wd 

woo    • 

woo 

w 


_  wow 


Y   CONNECTED   WITH  A  VOWEL. 

1  yaw 


First  place.  vj  ye 
Second  place.  «!  ya 
Third  place. 


y 
-j  ye 


READING   EXERCISE. 


"I  yd 


,    V,  V,    «!,   ^,    -^     - 


jf, 


PHOXOGR1PHIC    TEACHER. 


WORD-SIGNS. 

we,  *  ye,  L    why, 

C  will,  „  yet,  \  be, 

o  would,  „  you,  ~>  way, 

:    with,  f  your,  ..^..  away,  . 

what,  g  yours,  "  beyond 

c   were.  g"  yourselves. 


WRITING   EXERCISE. 

+ 

Wing,  weep,  wane,  worse,  walk,  woolly,  wag 
waggish,  woes,  wall,  switch,  square,  wash,  worth, 
always,  bewail,  weakness,  swop,  Sweep,  window. 
Young,  youth,  year,  yoke,  lawyer. 

He  that  goes  to  law  will  have  use  for  his  money. 
A  good  boy  will  get  his  lessons  well,  but  a  lazy  boy 
will  always  be  at  the  foot. 

Who  would  not  choose  to  reside  out  of  the  city. 
where  he  could  listen  to  the  enchanting  melody  of 
Hie  sweet  songsters  of  the  air  ? 

What  is  the  issue  of  war,  but  woe  and  misery  ? 
Beyond  all,  the  young  should  always  speak  openly 
and  without  reserve. 


LESSON    VI. 

THE  word-signs  are  a  very  great  abreviation  in 
the  mechanical  labor  of  writing.  They  are  appro- 
priated to  words  of  the  most  frequent  occurrence, 
find  that  portion  of  the  word  is  selected  which  is 
the  mo^t  suggestive ;  for  instance :  in  the  word 
what,  the  sound  is  the  most  promiment;  hence, 
the  semi-circle  5  is  chosen,  and  put  in  the  first 
place,  because  it  is  a  first-place  vowel.  Words 
containing  a  second-place  or  third-place  vowel  are 
generally  placed  upon  the  line  of  writing. 

In  a  large  class  of  words  in  the  language,  p 
follows  m,  and  is  closely  joined  to 'it  in  pronuncia- 
tion, and  it  has.been  found  convenient  to  represent 
the  sound  of  the  p  by  making  the  ^  phonograph 
heavy,  thus:  <^/  empire. 

WORD-SIGNS 

\  up,  \  be, 

I   it,  I   do, 

/   which,  /  advantage, 

~  kingdom,  —  given, 


PHONOGRAPHIC   TEACHER.  43 

_.  come,  —  together, 

v^_  for,  ^  have, 

(  think,  (   them,  they, 

)  so,  )   was, 

^  shall,  J  usual-  ly, 

^  are,  ..\.  away, 

^x  may,  ^  improve-  ment, 

"""  me,  ""  import-  ant,  anee, 

"  in,  *  thing, 

^  no.  ^  language. 

READING   EXERCISE. 
'*    ^     ^      V' 

a  '-  .  n  ^ 

9    WRITING   EXERCISE. 

The  wise  think  before  they  speak ;  the  unthink« 
ing  speak  before  they  think.  He  that  likes  a'  warm 
welcome  and  new  ideas,  will  not  seek  the  society 
of  fops.  To  will,  is  to  do.  All  agree  that  time  is 
money;  but  few  take  as  good  care  of  it  as  they 
would  of  money. 


44  PHONOGRAPHIC  TEACHER. 

The  sound  represented  by  I  readily  blends  with 
the  sounds  represented  by  several  other  letters,  and 
the  two  sounds  are  uttered  by  one  impulse  of  the 
voice ;  thus,  in  the  words  play,  plea,  Mow,  alow,  etc., 
the  p,  b,  and  g,  are  spoken  with  the  I ;  as,  pi,  bl,  gl. 

To  increase  the  facility  of  phonographic  writing, 
when  I  blends  with  other  letters,  it  is  represented 
by  a  hook,  thus:  ^  play,  <^_  clay,  ^  glow.  This 
hook  may  be  placed  at  the  beginning  of  a  word, 
or  in  the  middle  of  it,  thus :  \  people,  \  power- 
ful 

The  lollowing  diagrams  will  assist  the  student  in 
remembering  this  hook.  If  the  left  hand  be  held 
up,  with  the  first  finger  bent,  the  outline  of  the 
Miook  will  be  seen,  thus: 


The  Z-hook  is  made  on  the  same  side  of  the  long 
sign  as  the  s-circle,  and  on  the  inside  of  the  curves. 
The  long  phonograph  is  vocalized  the  same  as  if 
the  hook  had  not  been  joined  to  it.  The  Miook  is 
not  appended  to  m,  n,  I,  r,  ng,  w,  y,  or  h.  It  is 
joined  to  sh  only  when  struck  upward,  and  con- 
nected with  another  phonograph ;  as,  "^/  official 


PHONOGRAPHIC   TEACHER.  45 


THE    Z-HOOK. 


V,    bl 

f    dl 
/jl 

^  gl 
^  vl 
0  <A1 
J  zhl 


READING    EXERCISE. 


\, 


WRITING  EXERCISE. 

Display  no  false  colors.  "When  the  da;y  is  clear, 
the  flowers  will  bloom.  He  that  does  not  apply 
himself  closely  will  not  be  a  scholar.  All  should 
be  useful  in  society.  No  one  has  a  right  to  be 
idle;  if  we  are  idle,  we  shall  be  miserable.  A 
place  for  every  thing,  and  every  thing  in  its  right 
place,  is  a  good  rule. 


LESSON    VII. 

THE  r  is  a  liquid,  and  readily  blends  with  other 
letters;  for  this  reason,  it  is  represented  by  a  hook, 
turned  in  the  opposite  direction  from  the  Z-hook, 
thus:  T  tree,  \  pray,  "V-^  brim.  This  hook  will  be 
easily  remembered  by  associating  it  with  the  fol- 
lowing diagrams.  By  holding  up  the  right  hand, 
and  crooking  the  fore-finger  to  the  left,  the  r-hook 
•will  be  indicated. 


The  s,  s,  r,  mp,  I,  w,  A,  and  ng  are  never  writ- 
ten with  the  r-hook.  When  the  r-hook  is  append- 
ed to  m  and  n,  they  are  made  heavy,  thus :  ^~^> 
manner,  _A  comer.  The  sh  and  zh  are  written 
with  the  r-hook  when  made  downward  only,  thus: 
2  wisher,  ^~2  measure.  It  is  inconvenient  to  place 
the  r-hook  upon  the  back  of  a  curve;  hence,  the 
phonographs  Vs.  /  ^  v,  (  th,  (  TH,  are  reversed 


PHONOGRAPHIC  TEACHER.  4? 

when  the  r-hook  is  added,  thus:  ^  fr,  *>  vr  }  ikr, 
)  THR  ;  as  in  the  words  "-^N  clever,  '"*}  mover. 

When  the  vowel  g  occurs  between  the  p  and 
iind  the  r,  and  the  word  is  written  with  the  r-hook, 
it  is  rarely  necessary  to  vocalize,  thus:  %_^  person. 
There  is  -no  difficulty  in  the  reading  of  these  words, 
although  the  phonograph  representing  the  sound 
e  is  not  inserted. 

The  r-hook  should  generally  be  expressed  in  the 
middle  of  a  word  when  it  follows  the  s-circle:  as, 
"^^  express,  but  in  some  cases  it  may  be  included 
in  the  s-circle,  particularly  when  the  long  phono- 
graphs follow  each  other  in  a  straight  line,  thus: 
"i  prosper,  T  destroy. 

There  is  a  class  of  words,  where  the  phonographs 
do  not  follow  each  other  in  a  straight  line,  in  which 
the  r-hook  may  be  included  in  the  s-circle  ;  as,  \ 
nil-scribe,  J*       describe. 


THE    7^-HOOK. 


br 
dr 


cr-  gr 
•>  vr 
)  tin 
J  zhr 
^  nr 


4:8         PHONOGRAPHIC  TEACHEB. 


BEADING  EXERCISE. 


•^,  «y  |^f  U,  K   ^ 
v     V^.   ^_  s    ^      T,   s    ^,    .     ^    ,1, 

*   r  v.  ^,  °   .  n  ^f    ^  c  •••*  fri  - 
n. 

WRITING   EXERCISE. 

Criminal,  bridge,  •  trial,  wisher,  drum,  ditcher, 
pursue,  describe,  plumber,  sure,  thrive,  brother, 
eagerness,  mover,  clever,  converse,  neither,  dis- 
agree, crawl,  groom,  creep,  crime,  anger,  armor, 
whatsoever. 

He  that  would  succeed  in  any  business  should 

^^L  * 

persevere,  and  not  waste  his  energies  on  too  many 
pursuits.  One  person  makes  all  things  aid  him  in 
effecting  and  finishing  whatever  he  may  commence, 
while  another  divides  his  labor  among  so  many 
trades  and  pursuits,  that  he  does  nothing  well  ;  the 
former  will  be  very  likely  to  succeed;  the  latter 


PHONOGRAPHIC    TEACHER.  49 

will  be  very  sure  to  fail.  It  is  quite  probable  that 
war  would  be  more  agreeable  to  some  persons,  if 
it  was  not  a  game  at  which  two  parties  may  play  • 
tiger  hunting  is  Very  exciting,  agreeable  and  good 
exercise,  so  long  as  we  hunt  the  tiger ;  but  it  is  far 
otherwise  when  the  tiger  takes  it  into  his  head  to 
hunt  as. 


f)0 


LESSON     V  1 1 1 . 

THE  5 -circle  is  joined  to  the  compound  phono- 
graphs \  II,  f  tl,  ^_  k\  etc.,  by  making  it  inside 
the  hook,  thus:  f  sdl,  ^  sbl.  When  a  circle  is 
placed  inside  the  hook,  it  should  be  made  a  little 
smaller  than  usual,  and  it  is  not  important  that  it 
should  be  a  perfect  circle,  but  may  be  elongated  a 
little,  thus:  ^.  syZ,  <•_  ski.  In  this  case  the  circle  is 
made  first,  and  therefore  should  be  read  first.  If 
a  vowel  precedes  the  s,  the  long  phonograph  must 
be  made,  thus:  *)  'oysters,  T  aside.  If  a  vowel 

comes  after  the  .s,  and  before  the  pi,  it  is  placed  the 
same  as  if  no  circle  had  been  made  with  the  word, 
and  reads  between  the  s  and  the  compound  conso- 
nant, thus:  Sx  supple,  T  sidle,  CC.  sivivel,  *—  sickle. 

By  writing  the  circle  upon  the  r-hook  side,  it  is 
made  to  express  both  the  r-hook  and  the  s,  thus: 
•^  spray,  °\  spree,  <Tirx  scrape.  If  a  vowel  follows 
the  5,  and  precedes  the  pr,  br,  etc.,  the  s  is  read 
first,  then  the  vowel,  and  lastly  the  other  conso- 
nants, as  before  directed^  thus:  «\  supper,  *X  sober, 
•V-^  sunre/xe.  1  cider. 


PHONDGRAPHIC   TEACHER.  51 

This  contraction  cannot  take  place  with  the 
curves  ;  the  r-hook  must  be  written ;  as,  ^  sinner. 
Thew-hook  is  distinguished  from  the  r  hook,  when 
joined  with  the  n  and  in  phonographs,  by  their 
being  made  heavy  for  the  r-hook,  and  light  for  the 
tr-hook.  Seepage  63. 


S  COMBINED  WITH   THE   Z-HOOK. 
V  spl  \  sU 

r  sti  r  sdi 

I*  schl  /"  sjl 

«_  ski  t_  sgl 

^  sfl  ^  svl 


S  COMBINED  WITH   THE    jR-HOOK. 

<\   spr  °\  sbr 

*)    sir  1   sdr 

J  schr  /  sjr 

^  skr  v-  sgr 

READING    EXERCISE. 

v        r     »       i  °           •'"<•«>,•. sf 

•  '  V  n  ^> 

^  '    ^    •),  ^  . 


52  PHONOGRAPHIC  TEACHER. 

<    ,  r  .  \_  i  ,  <•  ^      • 

.      ^  v  v.  .  C  ^  V  * 


„     •  '    ,  C7v  r  j  ^  L 


I  LL  .v^.  *       v        '/      *-*—      *) 

J      •     i—  t     >     «^^«  i    ^v_      /  /, 

-   4r,  ^  Wlf  -f   v*  'c  •  . 


\ 


^  *    *  V  .  "'  V,  . 


WORD-SIGNS. 

*v  principle,  al,  *^  remark, 

^  full,  ,-N  more, 

~7  knowledge,  ^,  nor, 

1    truth,  .}  pleasure, 

^  sure.  *)  their. 

~7  acknowledge, 


PHOXOGRAPLuO  TEACHER.  53 


WRITING  EXERCISE. 

Sidle,  swivel,  supple,  sickle,  sable;  sapper,  cider, 
sicker,  saber,  simmer ;  consider,  construe ;  strength, 
Saturday,  icicle,  streaming,  supremacy,  scratch. 

Rashness  is  the  error  of  youth,  timidity  of  age; 
manhood  is  the  isthmus  between  the  two  extremes ; 
the  period  of  life  when  we  have  the  head  to  con- 
trive, and  the  firm  hand  to  execute. 

Always  look  at  those  whom  you  are  talking  to ; 
never  at  those  you  are  talking  of.  Misery  magni- 
fies danger,  as  a  fog  the  sun ;  we  fear  that  which 
we  cannot  see  clearly.  No  two  things  differ  more 
than  hurry  and  despatch ;  hurry  is  the  mark  of  a 
weak  mind,  despatch  of  a  strong  one.  The  weak 
man  in  office,  like  a  squirrel  in  a  cage,  is  laboring 
eternally,  but  to  no  purpose ;  he  is  always  stirring, 
but  does  not  get  on ;  he  is  in  everybody's  wa}7,  and 
stops  nobody;  he  looks  into  everything,  but  sees 
into  nothing;  he  has  many  irons  in  the  fire,  but 
very  few  of  them  ever  get  hot ;  and  with  those  few 
that  do,  he  only  injures  hiinselt 


LESSON   IX. 


WORD-SIGNS. 


tbovt  the  Lint. 

On  t/n  Line. 

'  the, 

. 

an,  and, 

'   all, 

• 

a, 

x   of, 

N 

two, 

'    or, 

» 

to, 

1    awe,  already, 

1 

but, 

'  ought, 

1 

oh,  before, 

'  on, 

/ 

who, 

^  from, 

/ 

should, 

""  give,  given, 

A 

how, 

'   I, 

y 

aye  (yes), 

"  in» 

1 

it, 

<    that, 

( 

without, 

°    is, 

0 

as, 

0  his. 

0 

has. 

W  AND   Y  SERIES   OF 

WORD  SIGNS. 

c    we,                  <    were,  . 

u  why, 

*  ye, 

L   while, 

,  would.  „  yet, 


PHONOGRAPHIC  TEACHER.  55 


c  with, 
'   what, 
C  fours. 

«  you, 

r  your, 

6"  yourselves. 

->   way, 
'  beyond, 
..y  away. 

CONSONANT  WORD-SIGNS. 

\  up,  \  be, 

I   it,  I    do, 

/  which,  /  advantage, 

~  kingdom,  _  together, 

—  come,  V»  have, 

V.  for,  (   them, 

(    think,  )   was, 

)  so,  j  usual-  ly, 

J  shall,  "^  important,  ance, 

^  are,  ^  improve-  ment, 

^  may,  "  thing, 

^  me,  ^  language, 

^_  no.  ""  anything. 

r  will.  "^  are. 

WfORD-SIGNS   OF   THE   L   AND   7?-HOOK   SERIES. 

*-.  principle,  al,  *\  re-  member, 

1   truth,  )  pleasure, 

}  sure,  ^  very, 

^_  full,  )  there,  their, 

knowledge,  ^  remark,  Mr. 

<-s  more.  ^  nor,  near. 

^r~.  call,           , care,  *_  difficult-y.' 


66  PHONOGRAPHIC    TEACliJiR. 


THE    JV-HOOK. 

The  n-hook  is  placed  at  tlie  termination  of  the 
straight  consonant-phonographs,  upon  the  side  oc- 
cupied by  the  r-hook,  thus:  \  In,  \  pn,  _,  kn ; 
\  bean,  X  pain,  __,  cane ;  it  is  also  placed  on  the 
concave  or  inside  of  the  curves,  thus:  ^  vn,  ^  mn, 
~^  rn;  as,  v^,  vine,  ^,  man,  s?  run.  The  annexed 
figure  will  assist  the  memory.  The 
kn  5"circle  is  made  \vithin  the  hook,  upon 
'*  the  concave  phonographs,  thus :  C^  vines, 

e/  shines  The  final  7i-hook  may  be  turned  into  a 
circle,  on  straight  lines  for  ?/s,  as  j-  stone,  '£•  stones, 
If  there  are  two  &s,  as  in  the  words  tenses,  expenses, 
the  double  circle  is  used,  thus ;  J-  tenses,  "^  expenses. 
The  consonant-phonographs  are  vocalized  as  though 
the  n-hook  had  not  been  used.  The  third-place 
vowel  is  put  outside  of  the  hook,  thus:  (.  than.  If 
the  word  ends  with  simple  5,  the  circle  is  placed  on 
the  side  of  the  Z-hook,  thus :  ^  piece,  _*  guess.  If 
a  vowel  follows  the  final  n,  the  long  phonograph 
must  be  used,  thus:  \^,.  company. 

THE   JV-HOOK  WORD-SIGNS. 

\  upon,  \y  phonographer. 

_,  can,  ""•»  men, 

C  alone,  -*  man, 


PHONOGRAPHIC  TEACHER.  57 

"*  opinion,  N  been, 

v^  phonography,  j    done, 

V^—  phonographic.  </  general-ly. 

READING   EXERCISE. 
*   }       J*  >        '    >      -^  J       ~"  J      -r»  I       d   >         »  >     ""3  J      ^»  >         *'   » 

-        J"       <)',     J^>     fr  t        >     •"   j    NV  »    T»  K 

(  /         t          -, 


WRITING  EXERCISE. 

Throne,  iron,  seven,  express,  expensive,  assign, 
sudden,  pain,  bone,  den,  dean,  mean,  glance,  dance, 
prance,  trance. 

The  man  who  knows  the  world,  will  not  only 
make  all  he  can  out  of  what  he  does  know,  but  of 
many  things  that  he  does  not  know  ;  and  will  gain 
more  by  his  adroit  way  of  hiding  his  ignorance, 
than  the  fop,  by  his  awkward  endeavor  to  show 
his  knowledge. 

He  that  would  be  a  ready  speaker,  should  write 
much.  He  that  writes  much  is  very  likely  to  be  a 

3* 


58 


PHONOGRAPHIC   TEACHER. 


deep  thinker.     Perseverance  will  often  make  what 
the  world  looks  upon  as  genius. 

THE   /SffiV-HOOK. 

The  terminations,  c*an,  sion,  tion,  are  frequent  in 
the  English  language.  This  sound  is  represented 
by  a  hook,  called  the  sAn-hook,  and  made,  at  the 
end  of  the  straight  phonographs,  on  the  side  of  the 
Z-hobk,  thus :  t  d-s/m,  .1'  addition ;  \  p-s/m,  V 
passion. 

The  final  s  and  z  may  be  written  by  turning  the 
circle  inside  of  the  hook,  thus :  I  d-.s/ms,  .(,  addi- 
tions ;  \,  p-s/ms,  \*  passions. 

The  s/m-hook,  when  joined  to  the  curves,  is  made 
twice  its  usual  size,  thus:  o  f-shnt  \o-  fashion;  o 
n-s/in,  ^  nation. 

The  s-circle  may  be  written  inside  the  sAn-hook, 
thus:  'io  visions, 

The  vowel  may  sometimes  be  written  inside  of 
the  s/m-hook ;  as,  ~^  revolution. 

•vs 


THE  HOOK. 

\»  pshn  \    bshn 

L    tshn  I    dshn 

_   kshn  /  jshn 

Vo   fshii  ^  gshn 


PHONOGRAPHIC   TEACHER.  59 

G    thshn  ^o   vshn 

t)    sshn  0    THshn 

c'  shshn  <3  zshn 

sz  mshn  <J  zhshn 

f>  Isbn  o  ngshn 

7)  rshn  ^>  nshn 

READINfl  EXERCISE. 


J    ^      *     N      - 

AT  ,     y%  "  ,     V     .      ^    t.    ^N     «r 

.!  %    -  \  d;  v.,  ^  c  -v,  - 


\ 


60  PHONOGRAPHIC   TEACHEB. 


WRITING  EXERCISE. 

Confusion,  institution,  demonstration,  confisca 
tion,  exclusion,  revolution,  donation,  concentration, 
evasion,  seclusion,  condition,  mission,  consternation, 
equivocation,  resurrection,  continuation,  construc- 
tion, resolution,  notions,  seditions,  apprehension, 
nation,  national,  preparation,  revelation,  assump- 
tion. 

The  wise  man,  while  in  health,  will  make  provi- 
sion for  his  declining  years,  when  care  and  toil  may 
have  drawn  heavily  upon  his  physical  and  mental 
powers. 


61 


LESSON   X. 

BY  making  some  of  the  consonant-phonographs 
half  their  usual  length,  a  t  or  d  is  implied ;  or,  in 
other  words,  by  making  them  half  as  long,  they 
mean  as  much  again.  This  is  one  of  the  most  beau- 
tiful contractions  in  the  whole  system.  The  sounds 
of  t  and  d  are  of  frequent  occurrence  in  the  English 
language,  and  often  united  with  a  preceding  conso- 
nant, with  or  without  the  intervention  of  a  vowel. 

A  light  half-lengthed  phonograph  generally  im 
plies  a  t,  and  a  heavy  one  a  d ;  but  this,  however, 
is  not  always  the  case ;  but  the  sounds  of  t  and  d 
are  so  nearly  alike,  that  no  difficulty  is  experienced 
in  determining  which  is  implied. 

When  to  the  sound  of  I,  rt  ra,  and  n,  the  sound 

of  d  is  added,  the  half-lengthed  phonograph  is  made 

heavy,  thus :    Y  old,   *>   read,  ^  made,  ^  end  •  and 

of  t,  the  half-lengthed  character  is  light,  thus:  f  let. 

->  art,    ^.  met. 

A  phonograph  with  a  final  hook,  implying  a  d, 
may  be  thickened  a  little,  thus:  3-  constaint,  3« 
constrained.  S  and  2  are  added  to  the  halved  phono- 
graphs by  the  circle,  in  the  same  manner  that  they 


62  PHONOGRAPHIC  TEACHER. 

are  to  the  full-lengthed,  thus:  '•  fit,  <•  Jits;  "» 
plant,  \  plants. 

A  halved  phonograph  occupies  but  half  the  space 
of  a  full-lengthed  character,  and  is  generally  com- 
mencel  at  the  same  point  \vhere  a  full-lengthed 
character  commences,  except  in  some  instances, 
where  the  accented  vowel  is  second  or  third-place; 
as,  v.  found.  If  the  accented  vowel  is  first-place, 
it  is  written  thus:  * '  meeting,  T  street. 

The  half-lengthed  phonographs  are  vocalized  the 
same  as  the  full-lengthed,  but  as  the  t  or  d  only  is 
implied,  the  vowel  preceding  it  is  put  to  the  halved 
phonograph ;  if  it  follows,  it  is  put  to  the  second 
phonograph,  thus :  /~  little,  \y  bitter. 

The  half-lengthed  I  may  be  struck  up  or  down;  if 
upward,  it  is  made  light;  as,  kr  felt;  if  downward, 
heavy,  thus:  ^  field. 

The  up-stroke  r  is  halved  for  t;  as,  \;  part;  the 
downward  r  is  much  better  when  the  d  is  implied, 
thus:  4'  cheered. 

When  a  vowel  follows  t  or  d  at  the  end  of  a 
word,  the  full-lengthed  character  should  be  used ;  as 
,_'  guilt,  _/T  guilty ;  and  when  a  third-place  vowel 
follows,  it  is  better  to  use  the  full-lengthed  character, 
thus:  V  spatter,  and  not  **/ 

If  the  halved  phonograph  does  not  make  a  dis- 
tinct angle  with  the  full  phonograph  to  which  it  ia 
united,  it  cannot  be  used. 


PHONOGRAPHIC   TEACHER.  63 

A  hook  OB  the  circle  side  of  I,  m,  n,  and  up- 
stroke  r,  at  the  beginning  expresses  w  (when  thick- 
ened, wh),  as  .C  weal  ;  .C  wheel  ;  ^  wine  ; 

<S  wear.  This  hook  is  read  immediately  before 
the  vowel  preceding  the  stroke.  Instead  of  thicken- 
ing  the  hook  for  aspiration,  a  dot  h  may  be  placed 
before  the  vowel,  as  ''c~^  whim  ;  c-s-/  when.  An  s 
may  precede  it  when  attached  to  r,  as  ^  swear. 
If  three  long  charcters  follow  each  other,  as  dated, 
treated,  it  is  better  to  divide  the  word,  thus  :  If  dated, 

If  treated.  If  the  word  runs  too  far  below  the  line 
of  writing,  it  may  also  be  divided  in  the  same  man- 
ner; as  4  attitude. 

READING  EXERCISE. 


r. 


C 


PHONOGRAPHIC  TEACHER. 


WRITING  EXERCISE. 

Beautiful,  dispute,  fight,  soft,  saved,  wished,  fit, 
feet,  wisdom,  friend,  sent,  send  consumed,  need, 
hand,  sand,  noble,  enobled,  troubled,  flight,  con- 
sidered, discovered,  patient,  pained. 

Hesitation  is  a  sign  of  weakness ;  for  inasmuch 
as  the  comparative  good  and  evil  of  the  different 
modes  of  action  about  which  we  hesitate  are  seldom 
of  equal  weight,  the  strong  mind  should  perceive 
any  slight  inclination  of  the  beam  with  the  glance 
of  the  eagle,  as  there  are  cases  where  the  prepon- 
derance will  be  very  minute,  even  although  there 
should  be  life  in  one  scale,  and  death  in  the  other. 

HALF-LENGTH  WORD-SIGNS. 

K    opportunity,  ,/  gentlemen,  an-  ly, 

,^...  particular-  ly,  "  God, 

"^  object,  _  good, 

.*"..  spirit  ._   great, 

r   told,  <    that, 

1   toward,  <   without, 

v   after,  ->   word, 

>   short,  ~  immediate-  ly, 

according-  ly,  w  under, 

*  cannot,  )   establish-  ed,  ment, 

^  account,  ^   lord, 

'\  represent-  ed.  "  not. 


PHONOGRAPHIC   TEACHER.  65 


WRITING   EXERCISE. 

He  that  lessens  the  road  to  knowledge  lengthens 
life ;  and  we  are  all  of  us  more  indebted  than  we 
believe  we  are,  to  that  class  of  writers  whom  John- 
con  termed  the  pioneers  of  letters,  doomed  to  clear 
away  the  rubbish  for  those  heroes  who  press  on  to 
honor 'and  victory,  without  deigning  to  bestow  a 
single  smile  on  the  humble  drudge  that  facilitates 
their  progress. 

Liberty  will  not  descend  to  a  people,  but  a  peo- 
ple can  raise  itself  to  liberty ;  it  is  a  blessing  that 
must  be  earned  before  it  can  be  enjoyed.  That 
nation  cannot  be  free,  where  parties  are  but  differ- 
ent roads,  leading  to  one  common  end — plunder ! 
That  nation  cannot  be  free,  where  the  rulers  will 
not  feel  for  the  people  until  they  are  obliged  to 
fall  with  the  people ;  and  then  it  is  too  late.  That 
nation  cannot  be  free,  that  is  bought  by  its  own 
consent,  and  sold  against  it ;  where  the  rogue  that 
is  in  rags  is  kept  in  countenance  by  the  rogue  that 
is  in  ruffles;  and  where,  from  high  to  low,  from 
the  lord  to  the  lacquey,  there  is  nothing  rational 
but  corruption,  and  nothing  contemptible  but  pov- 
erty ;  when  both  patriot  and  policeman,  perceiving 
that  money  can  do  anything,  are  prepared  to  do 
anything  for  money.  That  nation  cannot  be  free, 
where  religion  is,  with  the  higher  orders,  a  matter  of 


66  PHONOGRAPHIC  TEACHER. 

indifference;  with  the  middle,  of  no  consequence , 
and  with  the  lower,  fanaticism.  That  nation  can- 
not be  free,  where  the  leprosy  of  selfishness  sticks 
to  it  as  close  as  the  curse  of  Elisha  to  his  servant 
Gehazi ;  where  rulers  ask  not  what  gives  credit  to 
a  man,  but  who ;  and  where  those  who  want  a  rogue, 
have  no  occcsion  to  make,  but  to  choose.  I  hope 
there  is  no  nation  like  this  on  earth ;  but  if  there 
were,  these  are  the  things  that,  however  great  she 
may  be,  would  keep  such  a  nation  from  liberty, 
and  liberty  from  her.  These  are  the  things  that 
force  themselves  upon  such  a  nation ;  first,  a  loss 
of  expedients;  second,  difficulties;  and  lastly,  of 
danger.  Such  a  nation  could  begin  to  feel  only  by 
fearing  all  that  she  deserved,  and  finish  by  suffering 
all  that  she  feared. 


LESSON   XI. 

THE  st,  sd,  and  zd,  are  represenied  by  elongating 
the  5-circle  a  little,  and  making  it  a  loop,  thus :  f 
less,  f  least.  This  loop  is  usually  made  about  half 
the  length  of  the  long  phonographs ;  but  it  may  be 
joined  to  the  half-lengthed  characters,  and,  in  that 
case,  should  be  made  proportionably  short,  thus: 
.-  great,  ^  greatest.  The  loop  is  generally  made  a 
little  shorter  when  joined  to  the  curves,  than  when 
joined  to  the  straight  phonographs. 

It  may  be  placed  at  the  commencement  of  a  woid, 
thus:  .f  steel,  -F  state,  *"~-  steam;  and,  when  so 
placed,  is  read  first. 

By  making  the  loop  a  little  longer,  the  r  also  is 
expressed,  tints:  Vo  fast,  VD  faster.  When  placed 
.at  the  beginning  of  a  word,  and  on  the  r-hook  side 
of  the  phonograph,  it  includes  the  r,  thus :  ^_  sto- 
kei.  When  written  on  the  rc-hook  side,  it  expresses 
n,  thus:  _^  canst,  _^  against;  if  the  loop  is  elonga- 
ted a  little,  it  implies  the  r,  thus:  \  punster. 

The  s  is  added  to  the  st  and  sir-loops,  by  contin- 
uing the  stroke  to  the  other  side  of  the  phonograph, 
thus :  ^  feasts,  ^  crusts,  ^  punsters. 


68  PHONOGSAPniC   TEACHES. 

The  sMoop  may  be  placed  IL.  the  uiiddle  of  a 
word,  thus:  fc-^-  distinct. 

The  tion,  sion,  or  s/m-hook,  may  be  expressed  by 
continuing  the  s-circle  to  the  other  side  of  the  pho- 
nograph, thus:  ^  position,  \f  persuasion.  This 
*/m-hook  can  be  vocalized  for  the  first-place  vowel, 
by  writing  the  vowel  before  the  hook,  thus:  -£ 
decision ;  and  after  it,  for  a  second-place  vowel ;  as, 
^.  conversation;  but  cannot  be  vocalized  for  a  third- 
place  vowel. 

The  circle  may  be  placed  inside  the  hook,  to  ex- 
press the  plural,  thus :  *>>.  conversations,  -^  physi- 
cians. 

When  the  s-circle  is  turned  upon  the  w-hook  side 
of  the  phonograph,  it  expresses  n,  thus :  'V  com- 
pensation, 2,  transition. 

The  prefix  in,  may  be  expressed  before  the  com- 
pound phonographs  spr,  skr,  str,  by  a  small  hook 
on  the  side  of  the  s-circler  and  a  circle  upon  the 
r-hook  side  of  the  phonograph,  thus:  *^  inspira- 
tion. *~\  inscription,  IV,  instruction. 

The  diphthongs  ';  ,  <;  ,  j  ,  occur  but  seldom 
in  the  language,  but  when  it  is  necessary  to  use 
them,  they  are  written  thus :  T  Deity,  .__  clayey,  !L 
Stoic. 

The  va  stroke  may  be  aspirated  by  a  t!ck  (as  ex- 
plained on  page  28),  or  by  placing  a  dot-aspirate 
before  the  following  vowel. 

The  ly  when  standing  alone,  or  connected  with 


PHONOGRAPHIC   TEACHER.  69 

the  s-circle,  should  always  be  struck  upward,  thus 
T  swell,  f  sleigh,  *C  soil. 

The  sh,  when  connected  with  other  consonant- 
phonographs,  may  be  made  either  up  or  down ; 
but  when  standing  alone,  or  when  connected  with 
the  s-circle,  it  should  be  made  downward,  thus  :  ^ 
shoes,  j^  shows. 

The  s-circle  may  be  joined  to  h,  thus :  ^ ,  as,  ^ 
Soho,  g^'  Sahara. 

Making  a  curve-stroke  double  length  indicates 
the  addition  of  thr,  as  x~r^  mothe?  ;     (^   leather ; 
^    weather'    ">    whether;   ~\   rather;  ^—^  in 
their ;    ^-^  another;    \^  father. 

AVhen  it  is  required  to  express  a  vowel  between 
two  phonographs,  a  small  circle  may  be  used  for 
the  dot-vowels,  thus :  <,!_  dark ;  making  the  circle 
a  little  larger  for  the  full  vowels.  For  the  short 
vowels,  thus:  ^  bell,  ^^  envelop. 

The  dash-vowels  may  be  written  at  the  end  ol 
the  phonographs,  or  struck  through  them,  thus.- 
eHj,  course,  10_^  scorn  ;  in  the  latter  word,  the  s  is  read 
first,  and  the  vowel  between  the  k  and  r. 

The  semi-circles  for  w  and  y  follow  the  same  rule; 
as,  Jt~l'  quality,  Vr7»»  figuration,  CLT^T=-<  calculation. 

The  nominal  consonant  is  used  simply  to  indi- 
cate the  position  of  the  vowels,  when  several  ci 
them  occur  in  a  word,  without  the  intervention  of 
»  consonant;  as,  Afacua.  Here  it  is  necessary  to 


70  PHONOGRAPHIC    TEACHER. 

mark  the  position  of  the  vowels,  otherwise  we 
could  never  pronounce  the  word.  This  character 
may  be  either  a  dotted  line,  thus:  i  or,  a  straight 
line,  with  a  dash  struck  through  it,  thus:  -\ ,  -J-,  j; 
'\  £a/i,  a  proper  name.  The  nominal  consonant 
may  be  written  with  other  phonographs,  thus : 
^-  Maoua. 

By  the  aid  of  the  nominal  consonant,  the  sound 
of  the  first  letter  in  a  proper  name  may  be  indi- 
cated, thus:  j.  E,  for  Edmund;  J  A,  for  Alfred. 
The  dash- vowels  may  be  written  thus:  J  0,  for 
Olive?';  </  -f  <^s^,  H(enry)  U(mphreyville)  Janson. 
When  joined  to  a  consonant,  this  nominal  stroke 
may  be  written  in  any  direction. 

READING   EXERCISE. 


i   -?.i   V  •    '  ^  —  ^  j    Vt  i    *  »    3  i    V  » 


»     J*  »     ^  i     f  i    ^  »    ^  »    ^  »    '  -^  • 


PHONOGRAPHIC  TEACHER. 


<        )      . 


71 

N 


r    T-, 


j:    1 


V,. 


N        I 


v- 


I  '*Vx'» 


C-    -   >    . 


U 


\    . 


r 

\ 


\ 


\    <     -^ 

I'    •  • 

f  •      ,  J 


72  PHONOGRAPHIC  TEACHER. 


WRITING,  EXERCISE. 

Style,  disgraced,  distribution,  blazed,  blessed 
pest,  nest,  rest,  west,  clause,  past,  mast,  advanced, 
manifest. 

Accusation,  imposition,  physician,  pronunciation, 
illustration,  position,  inscription,  instruct,  instruc- 
tion, superstition,  persuasion. 

Habits. — The  whole  character  may  be  said  to  be 
comprehended  in  the  term  habits  ;  so  that  it  is  not 
so  far  from  being. true,  that  "Man  is  a  bundle  of 
habits."  Suppose  you  were  compelled  to  wear  an 
iron  collar  about  your  neck  through  life,  a  chain 
upon  your  ankle;  would  it  not  be  a  burden,  every 
day  and  hour  of  your  existence  ?  You  rise  in  the 
morning,  a  prisoner  to  your  chain  ;  you  lie  down 
at  night,  weary  with  your  burden ;  and  you  groan 
the  more  deeply,  as  you  reflect  that  there  is  no 
shaking  it  off.  But  even  these  would  be  no  more 
intolerable  to  bear  than  many  of  the  kabits  of 
men,  nor  would  they  be' more  difficult  to  be  sha- 
ken off. 

Habits  are  easily  formed,  especially  such  as  are 
bad;  and  what  seems  to  be  a  small  affair,  will  soon 
become  fixed,  and  hold  you  with  the  strength  of  a 
cable.  That  same  cable,  you  will  recollect,  is  made 
by  spinning  and  twisting  one  thread  at  a  time;  but, 
when  once  completed,  the  proudest  ship  turns  her 


PHONOGRAPHIC   TEACHER.  7% 

head  towards  it,  and  acknowledges  her  subjection 
to  its  power.  Ilabits  of  some  kind  will  be  formed 
by  every  student.  He  will  have  a  particular  course 
in  which  his  time,  his  employment,  his  thoughts, 
and  his  feelings,  will  run.  Good  or  bad,  these  habits 
soon  become  a  part  of  himself,  and  a  kind  of  second 
nature.  Who  does  not  know  that  the  old  man,  wno 
has  occupied  a  particular  corner  of  the  old  fire-place 
in  the  old  house  for  sixty  years,  may  be  rendered 
wretched  by  a  change?  Who  has  not  read  of  the 
release  of  the  aged  prisoner  of  the  Bastile,  who  en- 
treated that  he  might  again  return  to  his  gloomy 
dungeon,  because  his  habits  there  formed  were  so 
strong,  that  his  nature  threatened  to  sink  under  the 
attempt  to  break  them  up.  You  will  probably 
find  no  man  of  forty,  who  has  not  habits  which  ha 
laments,  which  mar  his  usefulness,  but  which  are 
so  interwoven  with  his  very  being,  that  he  cannot 
break  through  them.  At  least,  he  has  not  courage 
to  try. 

I  am  expecting  you  will  form  habits.  Indeed,  I 
wish  you  to  do  so.  He  must  be  a  poor  character, 
indeed,  who  lives  so  extempore  as  not  to  have 
liabits  of  his  own.  But  what  I  wish  is,  that  you 
form  those  habits  which  are  correct,  and  such  as 
\rill  every  day  and  hour  add  to  your  happiness  and 
usefulness.  If  a  man  were  to  be  told  that  he  must 
use  the  axe  which  he  now  selects  through  life,  would 
he  not  be  careful  in  selecting  one  of  the  right  pro- 

4 


74  PHONOGRAPHIC   TEACHER. 

portions  and  temper?  If  told  thut  he  must  use  the 
same  clothing  through  life,  would  he  not  be  anxioua 
us  to  the  quality  and  kind?  But  these,  in  the  cases 
supposed,  would  be  of  no  more  importance  than  is 
the  selection  of  habits,  in  which  the  soul  shall  act. 
You  might  as  well  place  a  body  in  a  straight  jacket, 
and  expect  it  to  perform,  with  ease,  and  comfort, 
and  promptness,  the  various  duties  of  the  body,  as 
to  throw  the  soul  into  the  habits  of  some  men,  and 
then  expect  it  will  .accomplish  anything  great  or 
good. 

Do  not  fear  to  undertake  to  form  any  habit  which 
is  desirable;  for  it  can  be  formed,  and  with  more 
ease  than  you  may  at  first  suppose.  Let  the  same 
thing,  or  the  same  duty,  return  at  the  same  time  every 
day,  and  it  will  soon  become  pleasant.  No  matter 
if  it  be  irksome  at  first ;  but  how  irksome  soever  it 
be,  only  let  it  "return  periodically  every  day,  and 
that  without  interruption  for  a  time,  and  it  will 
become  a  positive  pleasure.  In  this  way,  all  our 
habits  are  formed.  The  student,  who  can  with  ease 
now  sit  down  and  hold  his  mind  down  to  his  studies 
nine  or  ten  hours  a  day,  would  find  the  laborer,  01 
the  man  accustomed  to  active  habits,  sinking  under 
it,  should  he  attempt  to  do  the  same  thing.  I  have 
seen  a  man  sit  down  at  a  table  spread  with  luxuries, 
and  eat  his  sailor's  biscuit  with  relish,  and  without 
a  desire  for  any  other  food.  His  health  had  com- 
pelled him  thus  to  live,  till  it  had  become  a  pleasant 


PHONOGRAPHIC  TEACHER.  75 

habit  of  diet.  Previous  to  this,  however,  he  &ad 
been  rather  noted  for  being  an  epicure. 

"I  once,"  says  an  excellent  man,  "attended  a 
prisoner  of  some  distinction,  in  one  of  the  prisons 
of  the  metropolis,  ill  of  typhus  fever,  whose  apart- 
ments were  gloomy  in  the  extreme,  and  surrounded 
with  horrors ;  yet  this  prisoner  assured  me  after- 
wards, that,  upon  his  release,  he  quitted  them  with 
a  degree  of  reluctance!  Custom  had  reconciled 
him  to  the  twilight  admitted  through  the  thick- 
barred  grate;  to  the  filthy  spots  and  patches  of  hia 
plastered  walls ;  to  the  hardness  of  his  bed ;  and 
even  to  confinement." 

I  will  now  specify  habits  which,  in  my  view,  are 
very  desirable  to  the  student. 

Rules  for  the  Formation  of  Habits. 

1.  Have  a  plan  laid  beforehand,  for  every  day. 

2.  Acquire  a  habit  of  untiring  industry, 

3.  Cultivate  perseverance. 

4.  Cultivate  a  habit  of  punctuality. 

5.  Be  an  early  riser. 

6.  'Be  in  the  habit  of  learning  something  from  every 
man  with  whom  you  meet. 

7.  Form  fixed  principles  on  which  to  think  and 
act. 

8.  B*e  simple  and  neat  in 'your  personal  habits. 

9.  Acquire  the  habit  of  doing  every  thing  well. 


76  PHONOGRAPHIC    TEACHER. 

10.  Make  constant  efforts  to  be  master  of  your  tem- 
per. 

11  Cultivate  soundness  of  judgment. 

12  Observe  a  proper  treatment  of  parents,  friends, 
and  companions. 

s  Students  ManuaL 


77 


LESSON    XII. 

PREFIXES. 

JL  PHONOGRAPH  may  be  written,  as  a  prefix, 
.ear  to  the  following  part  of  a  word,  but  must  not 
be  united  with  it  ;  as, 

I   for  disoon,  discorn;  |j    discontent,  \\  discompose, 
IL;  discontinue. 

o  for  circum;  as,   j  circumstance,    °^~>t   circum- 
scribe. 

.   for  com,  con;  as,    U,  contemn,  \,  compose,  <r< 
••    isume. 

A  heavy  dot  may  be  written  for  accojn,  thus  :  \ 
' 


>—  for  incgm,  incon,  written  above  the  line,  thus: 
V  incomplete,  Y"  inconstant. 

^  for  t»^ro,  mfer,  placed  in  any  position  near  th<3 
following  letter,  thus:  ~L  introduce,  ~~^  intervene. 

^  for  magni,  mcigna,  placed  above  the  other  part 
of  the  word,  thus:  ^^  magnificent,  ^*~\  magna- 
nimity. 

/  for  recon,,  recog  ;  as,    /**>  recommend,  ^Lt>  recog 


78  PHOXOGRAP&JC    TEACHER. 

">   ferwTaron;  as,  "V  irreconcikd. 

o  for  »clf;  as,   °)  selfish,  °J     self-destruction.     This 

prefix  should  be  written  larger  than  the  vowel- 
circle.' 

^  for  uncom,  i;ncon  ;  as,  *~<^  uncommon,  -^^  un- 
confined.  This  prefix  is  written  on  the  line. 

The  half-lengthed  m,  with  an  n-hook,  may  be 
disconnected  from  the  other  phonographs  in  a 
word,  thus:  '~^  government,  ^  contentment. 

A  word-sign  may  be  used  as  a  prefix,  thus:  ^  for 
under,  ~ll,  undertaken :  /  for  advantage.  /-)  advan- 
tageous. • 

AFFIXES. 

The  affixes  are  written  separately,  but  near  the 
preceding  part  of  the  word;  as,  f  for  ly  ;  \^  openly, 
.W  heavenly. 

o  for  self,  thus :  (°  thyself;  0  selves,  (o  tJiem- 
selves. 

A  \  may  be  placed  after  a  word,  to  represent 
lility ;  as,  /!'  legibility. 

Enter  and  inter,  prefixes  or  suffixes  which  are 
similar  in  sound  to  one  of  the  foregoing,  may  be 
represented  by  the  sign  already  furnished,  thus: 
^  muy  represent  enter,  as  well  as  inter;  ^  may 
represent  incum,  as  well  as  incom,  incon ;  as,  -J« 
mttitain,  -^  enterprise.^  ^  incumbent. 


PHONOGRAPHIC   TEACHER.  79 

A  word-sign  may  be  used  as  an  affix,  thus :    *"v 
hereafter,  <)    therefore;   or   united,    thus:    )     there- 
fore. 

A  word-sign  may  sometimes  be  joined  in  the 
word,  thus:  ^  understand,  -f  understood. 

The  hyphen  is  indicated  in  a  compound  word, 
by  two  parallel  ticks,  thus:  by  two-fold. 

The  following  words  and  phrases  arc  abreviated, 
thus  :  ^c  nevertheless,  4-  notwithstanding,  ^  now, 
*^  new,  knew,  *r~  corresponding  socif-.ty,  /VS"  report- 
ing society. 

A  word-sign  may  be  made  plural,  by  adding  the 
cir  ;le,  thus  :  ""  thing,  ^  things. 

A  consonant  stroke  disjoined  from  the  preced- 
ing portion  of  the  word  expresses  the  addition  of 
I  ty  or  r-ty  (with  any  vowel  preceding  or  following 
the  Z.orr).  For  and  in  disjoined  are  written  for 
formality  /  dis  and  p  disjoined,  for  disparity ; 
princ  and  p  disjoined,  for  principality ;  instrtt 
and  mcnt  disjoined,  for  instrumentality.  Mcnt  is 
also  used  for  mental  as  in  fundamental. 

A  circle  may  be  used  as  an  affix  for  soever,  as 
after  where  for  wheresoever /  after  who  for  whoso- 
ever. It  is  not  liable  to  be  confounded  with  self. 

In  a  few  such  words  as  postpone,  postpaid,  rest- 
less, ttonestly,  m.ostly,  where  t  occurs  between  s  and 
another  consonant,  t  may  be  omitted  without  im 
pairing  legibility. 


WORD-SIGNS 

OF  THE   CORRESPONDING   STYLE  OF   PHONOGRAPHY. 
Words  marked  with  a  (*)  are  written  above  the  line. 


LIST  No.  1.  —  FOR  LEARNERS. 


.  A 

1  ifc 

c    we* 

x  all* 

v_/  not* 

C   well 

•  and 

\  of  * 

c  were 

~Vre 

1    oh 

,   what* 

o  as 

/        ~ 

\be 
1  but 

on 

^_^  one 
i  or  * 

<^^/  when  * 
/  which 

,  who 

—  =can 

J  shall 

f  will 

-»  cannot  * 

/  should 
(  that* 

«    with  * 

Vv_         °r 

•    the  * 

(   without 

^  from 
-  God* 

)  the" 

^  word 

-   good 

^s  thing* 

3  would 

V    have 

(  think 

w   ye  * 

x   tO 

n  you 

V     I  * 

\  upon 

f  your 

o  is  * 

)    was               1       £  yours 

WORD-SIGNS  IN   CORRESPONDENCE. 


81 


LIST  No.  2.—  FOR  GENERAL  USE. 


e-  According*  1 

(/  gentleman 

'  ought  * 

—  account 

</  gentlemen* 

^  particular  * 

/  advantage 

—  give-n* 

Vc>  Phonographj 

v  after 

e-  great 

-3  pleasure 

—  =>  asrain 

/  N  Jiim 

N*             *        wl 

fc*O 

/    alone 

A  how 

pnncipjj 

-  quite  * 

1  already* 

^  immediate  * 

<rvremark  * 

•  an 

^^  importanje  * 

^remember 

N>  been 

/f~^  im  pro  ve-ment 

3  short* 

"  beyond  * 

—  kingdom* 

Ol  1  1 

^  language 

J      SO 

«=-  called  * 

^  Lord  * 

«\  spirit  * 

<=  —  care 

^\  member 

\subject 

—  come 

^  might* 

e   subjection 

—  could 

'-  more 

J)sure 

1  dear 

^  Mr.  * 

f    tell 

1            * 

c_difficult-y 

x-Mny* 

(  them 

|  do 

^  nature 

(^   then 

J  done 

^no 

C  this 

)  establish 

jfc 

(    thought  * 

•^  every 

\  object  (6b) 

<)   three 

^  first 

N^  objection 

—  together 

^.  full 

^j?  opinion  * 

P    told 

/general 

<\  opportunity 

1  toward 

WORD-SIGNS   IN    CORRESPONDENCE. 


1   truth 

J  usual 

u  while 

^  two 

"\  way 

L  why* 

w  under 

^  went  * 

</  world 

\up 

{/  where 

«  yet 

LIST  No.  3.—  FOR  RULED  PAPER. 

-f^-   Allow            ~^    hpar 

-N 

_______         rc 

—  L..  see 

...L.-  at 

.5^.    however 

-(;--  than 

.r^.    away 

V^    if 

..^...  thank 

\    by 

J  ....   lt«plf 

-A...  thee 

o  —     toCll 

__  1      differen^ 

--/--  large 

(o     these 

1      Doctor 

-/     much 

-^>—  those 

-    I-  down 

-!\-  number 

...I     though 

—'-)--  during 

—J    other  ' 

-~y-  through 

/    each 

^\-  our 

time 

*\     either 

'^v..    onrQ 

___v...  us 

v^    ever 

---^  -.  ourselves" 

---)--    Use  (verb) 

.  '    ._  few 

-.  own 

.c      value 

-.[..  had 

'N   perfect 

A^-    view 

x     huppy 

c\.       TiT*ir*t.ir*    ® 

L         will  (  noun) 

LIST  No.  4.  —  OCCASIONAL. 

^/  Any* 

s~\  may 

-^      reau  * 

->     heard 

''^  me  * 

.  /      tl-.us 

\    her 

s-*      mind  * 

...^  ...   USe  (noan) 

-,     kind  * 

...l~.  out 

">    very 

83 
LIST  OF  CONTBACTIONS 

OF  THE  CORRESPONDING  STYLE  OF  PHONOGRAPHY. 

Words  marked  witti  a  (*)  are  written  above  the  tine. 


~7 

Acknowledge 

^\         now 

—7 

acknowledged*" 

V  v  \        Phonetic  Society 

^ 

anything* 

\^          Phonographer 

—° 

because* 

Vj  —        Phonographic 

W 

forward 

'    v1^     Reporting  Socy. 

£T.. 

highly* 

X\           represent 

^-6 

himself 

<fN|          represented 

s* 

impossible* 

/\         representation 

0> 

influence* 

v.          several 

^J 

influential* 

6^^^         something 

1 

interest 

o    . 

^^v-^  Spelling  Reform 

^ 

knowledge 

"^          surprise 

^5" 

\  manuscript 

1  transcript 

i 

Mechanics'  Insf\ 

so  with  transcription,  etc 

/-* 

myself  * 

• 
j—  o         transgress 

'Y*~ 

natural 

^            understand 

^ 

never 

^           understood 

*  V 

nevertheless 

^V.        whenever 

v«^ 

new 

t^^        wherever 

84  pHcxcGEArnic  TE>ACHKR. 


WHITING   EXERCISE. 

MILTON'S  PARADISE  LOST.  —  When  Milton  wrote 
his  matchless  poem  of  Paradise  Lost,  the  British 
press  was  suhject  to  censorship,  and  he  experienced 
some  difficulty  in  getting  licensed.  It  was  sold  to 
Samuel  Simmons,  a  bookseller,  for  an  immediate 
payment  of  five  pounds,  with  a  condition  that  on 
1,300  copies  being  sold,  the  author  should  receive 
five  pounds  more;  and  the  same  for  the  second 
and  third  editions.  The  second  edition  was  sold, 
printed  1674.  The  third  edition  was  published  in 
1678,  for  which  Simmons  gave  Milton's  widow 
eight  pounds  ;  so  that  £18  (about  $90)  was  the 
eum  total  paid  for  the  best  poem  of  the  first  of 
British  poets.  • 

Power  of  Wit.—  Every  faculty  has  its  use  and 
influence,  and  it  is  interesting  to  witness  the  power 
of  broad  humor  and  frank  wH  on  the  public  min.l. 
Is  there  a  more  effectual  mode  of  running  any  ridi- 
culous opinion  or  custom  out  of  existence,  than  by 
well  timed  caricature,  containing  wit  and  showing 
up  error  and  folly  to  the  ridicule  of  the  world? 

Dan  Russell,  candidate  for  Auditor,  in  the  State 
of  Mississippi,  in  one  of  his  speeches,  remarks: 

"  Fellow  citizens,  you  have  called  on  me  for  a 
few  remarks.  I  have  none  to  make.  I  have  no 
prepared  speech.  Indeed  I  am  no  speaker.  I  do 
not  desire  to  be  a  speaker.  I  only  want  to  ba  au 
Auditor" 


PHONOGRAPHIC  TKACTITCB.  85 

Again : 

"LADIES  AND  GENTLEMEN:  I  rise — but  there's 
rvo  use  of  telling  you  that ;  you  know  that  I  am  up, 
as  well  as  I  do.  I  am  a  modest  man — very — but  I 
have  never  lost  a  picayune  by  it  in  my  life ;  because 
a  scarce  commodity  among  candidates.  I  thought  I 
would  mention  it,  for  fear,  if  I  did'nt,  you  never 
would  hear  of  it. 

Candidates  are  generally  considered  as  nuisances, 
but  they  are  not ;  they  are  the  politest  men  in  the 
world,  shake  you  by  the  hand,  ask  how's  your  fam- 
ily, what's  the  prospect  for  crops,  &c.;  and  I  am  the 
politest  man  there  is  in  the  State.  Davy  Crockett 
says,  the  politest  man  he  ever  saw,  when  he  asked 
a  man  to  drink. -turned  his  back,  so  that  he  might 
drink  as  much  as  he  pleased.  I  beat  that  all  hollow  ; 
I  give  a  man  a  chance  to  drink  twice  if  he  wishes, 
for  I  not  only  turn  around,  but  shut  my  eyes.  I  am 
not  only  the  politest  man,  but  the  best  electioneerer : 
you  ought  to  see  me  shaking  hands  with  the  varia- 
tions, the  pump-handle  and  pendulum,  the  cross  cut 
and  wiggle-waggle.  I  understand  the  science  per- 
fectly, and  if  any  of  the  country  candidates  wish 
instructions,  they  must  call  on  me. 

Fellow  citizens,  I  was  born — if  I  hadn't  been,  I 
wouldn't  have  been  a  candidate,  but  I  am  a  going 
to  tell  you  where — 'twas  not  in  Mississippi,  but 
'twas  on  the  right  side  of  the  negro  line ;  yet  that's 
no  compliment,  as  the  negroes  are  mostly  bca*n  on 


86  l-liOXOORAPHIC    TEACHER. 

the  same  side.  I  started  in  the  world  as  poor  as  a 
church  mouse,  yet  I  came  honestly  by  my  poverty, 
for  I  inherited  it,  and  if  I  did  start  poor,  no  man 
can't  say  but  that  I  have  held  my  own  remarkably 
well. 

Candidates  generally  ask  you,  if  you  think  they 
are  qualified,  &c.  Now,  I  don't  ask  your  thoughts; 
.1  ask  your  votes.  Why,  there's  nothing  to  think  of, 
except  to  watch  and  see  that  Swan's  name  is  not 
on  your  ticket;  if  so,  think  to  scratch  it  off,  and  put 
mine  on.  I  am  certain  that  I  am  competent,  'for 
who  ought  to  kno\v  better  than  I  do?  Nobod\'.  I 
will  allow  that  Swan  is  the  best  Auditor  in  the 
State ;  that  is,  till  I  am  elected — then  perhaps  it's 
not  proper  for  me  to  say  anything  more;  yet,  as  an 
honest  man,  I  am  bound  to  say  that  I  believe  it's 
a  grievous  sin  to  hide  anything  from  my  fellow-cit- 
izens; therefore  say  that  it's  my  private  opinion, 
publicly  expressed,  that  I'll  make  the  best  Auditor 
ever  in  the  United  States. 

'Tis  not  for  honor  I  wish  to  be  Auditor;  for  in 
my  own  county  I  was  offered  on  office  that  was  all 
honor,  Coroner;  which  I  respectfully  declined.  The 
Auditor's  office  is  worth  some  $5,000  a  year,  and  I 
am  in  fur  it  like  a  thousand  of  brick.  To  show  my 
goodness  of  heart,  I'll  make  this  offer  to  my  com- 
petitor. I  am  sure  of  being  elected,  and  he  will 
lose  something  by  the  canvass — therefore  I  am  will- 
ing to  divide  equally  with  him,  and  make  these  two 


PHONOGRAPHIC   TEACHER.  87 

offers.  I'll  take  the  salary,  and  he  may  have  the 
honor  or  he  may  have  the  honor,  and  I'll  take  the 
salary.  In  the  way  of  honors,  I  have  received 
enough  to  satisfy  me  for  life.  I  went  out  to  Mexico, 
eat  pork  and  beans,  slept  in  the  rain  and  mud,  and 
swallowed  everything  except  live  Mexicans.  When 
I  was  ordered  to  "go,"  I  went ;  " charge,"  I  charg- 
ed; and  "break  for  the  chaparral"  you  had  better 
believe  I  beat  a  quarter  nag  in  doing  my  duty. 

My  competitor,  Swan,  is  a  bird  of  golden  plu- 
mage, who  has  been  swimming  for  the  last  four 
years  in  the  Auditor's  pond,  at  $5,000  a  year.  I 
am  for  rotation.  I  want  to  rotate  him  out,  and  to 
rotate  myself  in.  There's  plenty  of  room  for  him 
to  swim  outside  of  that  pond ;  therefore,  pop  in 
your  votes  for  me;  I'll  pop  him  out,  and  pop  myself 
in. 

I  am  for  a  division  of  labor.  Swan  says  he  lias 
to  work  all  the  time  with  his  nose  down  upon  the 
public  grindstone.  Four  years  must  have  ground 
it  to  a  pint.  Poor  fellow !  the  public  ought  not  to 
insist  on  having  the  handle  of  his  mug  ground  clean 
off.  I  have  a  large,  full  grown  nose,  and  tough  :\s 
sole  leather.  I  rush  to  the  post  of  duty.  I  offer  it 
up  as  a  sacrifice.  I  clap  it  on  the  grindstone.  Fel- 
low citizens,  grind  away — grind  till  I  holler  enujf^ 
and  that'll  be  some  time  first. 

Time's  most  out.  Well  I  like  to  forgot  to  tell 
you  my  name.  It's  Daniel,  (for  short  Dan  ;  not  ;\ 


S3  PHONOGRAPHIC   TEACHER. 

handsome  name,  for  my  parents  were  poor  people, 
who  lived  where  the  quality  appropriated  all  the 
nice  names;  therefore,  they  had  to  take  what  was 
•left  and  divide  around  among  us — but  it's  as  hand- 
some as  I  am,)  R.  Eussell.  llcmernber,  every  one  of 
you,  that  it's  not  Swan. 

I  am  sure  to  be  elected;  so,  one  and  all,  great 
aud  small,  short  and  tall,  when  you  come  down  to 
Jackson,  after  the  election,  stop  at  the  Auditor's 
office — the  latch  string  always  hangs  out — enter 
without  knocking — take  off  your  things,  and  make 
yourself  at  home." 

DAN  was  elected,  by  an  overwhelming  majority. 

Manual     Labor  —  Its     Influence    upon    the 

Mind. — When  an  invention  is  made  which  adds 
materially  to  the  comfort  of  men,  or  a  discovery 
revealing  hitherto  disguised  truths  in  the  natural 
world,  or  a  book  is  written  full  of  life  and  beauty 
by  a  working  man — by  one  of  those  obscure  toilers 
who  labor  for  their  daily  bread,  the  world  is  aston- 
ished! On  every  side  we  hear  exclamations  of 
surprise.  And  yet  these  cases  are  not  so  un fre- 
quent, that  there  is  cause  for  so  much  wonder.  In 
the  best  history  of  the  world,  we  see  that  a  large 
proportion  of  those  who  have  shone  as  stars  in  the 
literary  world,  or  illumined  the  path=*  of  scientific 
knowledge;  who  have  been  the  ben  .'factors  of  thp;* 


TEACHER.  8S 


race,  iho  rv.ster-spiri+s  of  their  age;  have  been  toil- 
ers, tia/e  "been  b  )rn  in.  obscurity,  reared  in  poverty, 
and  .obliged  to  work  for  a  livelihood.  And,  eveu 
MO\V,  we  hive  men  who  labor  at  the  anvil  and  fol- 
low the  plow,  and  weave  the  basket  and  tend  tho 
loom,  and  yet  have  strength  and  time  to  improve 
tlieir  race  ;  to  send  forth  strains  which  elevate  and 
purify,  and  find  a  response  in  every  soul.  We  havo 
philosophers,  statesmen,  and  orators  eloquent,  from 
among  the  working-classes,  who  far  outstrip  men 
born  in  affluence,  and  who  make  study  the  business 
uf  life. 

We  should  look  at  these  facts  intelligently  —  not 
expressing  a  vague  surprise,  or  attributing  the  re- 
sults we  see  to  mere  peculiar  genius.  We  should 
examine  the  causes  of  effects  which  are  apparent 
to  the  least  observing,  and  thus  ascertain  some  of 
the  advantages  the  working-man  has  over  the  mere 
student. 

The  working-man  has  more  physical  strength, 
and  the  mind  and  body  are  so  intimately  connected, 
that  weakness  or  inactivity  of  one  generally  pro- 
duces a  like  manifestation  in  the  other.  Mascles 
strengthened  by  exercise,  and  a  brain  refreshed  by 
pure  blood,  enable  a  mind  to  conceive  with  clear- 
ness and  act  with  vigor  and  force.  The  student, 
\vho  sits  poring  over  his  book  all  day,  has  not  this 
fid  vantage.  His  brain,  darkened  by  impure  blood, 
doses  lu?  thoughts,  and  throws  a  shade  over  the 


90  PHONOGRAPHIC  TEACHEft 

page  before  him.  Although  there  may  be  more 
romance  in  a  "  pale  intellectual  brow,"  "  weak 
nerves,"  and  a  "fragile  form,"  it  requires  strong 
nerves  and  sturdy  health  to  make  long  continued 
mental  effort.  The  delicate  lark  soars  high,  but 
soon  falls;  it  is  only  the  eagle,  with  broad  and 
strong  wing  and  clear  eye,  that  can  sustain  long 
flight  in  the  upper  air,  and  gaze  at  the  sun.  To 
possess  a  sound  mind,  we  must  have  a  sound  body. 
The  working-man  is  forced  to  cultivate  self-reli- 
ance. He  has  nothing  to  fall  back  upon;  he  must. 
earn  his  own  bread.  There  is  none  to  lighten  his 
heavy  burdens — he  has  to  bear  them,  and  they 
strengthen  him.  His  trials  through  poverty  make 
more  of  him.  He  feels  that  he  is  a  man  nobly 
independent  of  others'  aid,  and  self-made  men  are 
heroes  in  the  moral  world.  When  he  applies  his 
mind  to  the  acquisition  of  knowledge,  he  is  not  dis- 
couraged by  difficulties.  He  is  familiar  with  them 
in  the  outwaixl,  and  expects  them  in  his  inner  lift*. 
He  does  not  think  his  mind  will  grow  without  hard 
study — without  systematic  application — any  more 
than  he  expects  golden  harvests  without  digging 
his  field  or  sowing  seed,  or  that  his  arms  will  ac- 
quire strength  to  wield  with  force  the  implements 
of  labor,  without  exercise  of  their  muscles.  In  his 
daily  occupations,  whether  he  is  a  farmer  or  me- 
chanic, he  must  study  and  upfly  natural  laws', 
adapt  means  to  an  end,  watch  cause  and  effect 


PHONOGRAPHIC    TEACHER.  01 

He  knows  that  nothing  comes  to  perfection  by 
chance.  He  has  learned  that  nature's  grand  secret 
of  success  is  work,  and  applies  it  to  his  mental  pro- 
gress. 

The  working-man  does  not  go  to  study  as  a  task. 
It  is  not  toil  to  him.  Manual  labor,  when  not  ex- 
cessive, invigorates  his  body,  and  rouses  his  mind, 
out  cannot  satisfy  its  wants;  and,  therefore,  it  id' 
recreation — it  is  real  pleasure  to  search  the  hidden 
mysteries  of  knowledge.  Ills  books  are  treasures  ; 
no  miser  ever  stole,  in  the  dusky  eve,  to  count  his 
golden  stores,  with  as  keen  delight  as  the  laborer 
returns,  after  each  day's  toil,  to  scan  the  precious 
pages.  The  necessity  which  is  laid  on  him  to 
labor — which  tears  him  away  from  study  ere  it  tries 
his  mind  and  injures  health,  is  the  very  thing  that 
makes  him  return  with  new  avidity,  and  one  reason 
why  he  makes  such  rapid  progress.  The  student 
wearies  of  continual  mental  effort;  his  mind  is 
weakened.  He  longs  for  excitement,  and  seeks  it 
not  in  useful  labor,  which  would  benefit  himself 
and  others,  but  in  the  gay  circles  of  pleasure,  too 
of; en  in  the  intoxicating  cup,  which,  for  a  time, 
stimulates  his  mind,  and  renders  its  powers  more 
brilliant  and  active,  but  hastens  ther  decay.  Such 
temptations  lie  not  in  the  path  of  the  worker. 

The  working-man  lives  more  out  of  himsel£ 
The  student  often  has  his  eyes  turned  inward,  con- 
tinually watching  the  operations  of  his  own 


02  PHONOGRAPHIC    [EACIIER 

forgetting  that  to  know  himself  aright  he  must 
compare  himself  with  others,  and  see  what  are  the 
relations  he  bears  to  the  outward  world.  Hence  it 
is,  that  often  the  noblest  mind  "preys  on  itself,  and 
is  destroyed  by  thought."  But  the  man  with  a 
learning  mind,  who  digs  the  ground  or  sows  the 
seed,  makes  rapid  progress.  lie  sees  the  benevo- 
lence of  God  in  every  opening  bud  and  blushing 
flower. 

"The  warbling  woodland,  the  resounding  shore, 
The  pomp  of  groves,  the  garniture  of  fields" 

have  all  a  voice  for  him,  which  goes  to  his  heart 
and  wakes  strange,  beautiful  thoughts  there,  lie 
learns  lessons  of  utility,  of  design  in  the  natural 
world,  and  with  a  soul  enlarged  yet  humbled,  he 
applies  to  books  and  art,  the  exponents  of  other 
men's  minds — and  looks  into  his  own  to  discover 
the  laws  by  which  it  is  governed,  and  the  links  by 
which  he  is  bound  to  his  fellow-men.  He  feels 
that  the  elevation  of  the  race  should  be  the  aim  of 
every  man — the  end  for  which  all  knowledge  ia 
given.  He  knows  that  earth,  with  all  its  pomp,  is 
"  passing  away  " — mind  only  is  immortal ;  and  there- 
fore he  alone  is  wise,  and  in  sympathy  with  the 
source  of  all  knowledge,  who  takes  the  means  given 
to  elevate  and  enlighten  first  his  own  mind,  then 
the  mind  of  every  human  being  over  whom  he  has 


PHONOGRAPHIC   TEACHER.  9i> 

any  influence.  And  not  only  to  believe  this,  but 
to  act — io  live  it — a  man  must  do  more  than  spend 
a  life  in  study. 

The  working-man  also  mingles  with  all  classes 
of  society;  he  sees  the  workings  of  the  human 
lieart  unrestrained  by  outward  forms;  he  knows 
the  rudiments  of  mind,  and  watches  its  gradual 
development,  and  sees  what  its  wants  are,  and  can 
in  part  see  what  are  the  yearnings  of  the  human 
soul — that  fearful  mystery  whose  depths  can  be 
fathomed  only  by  its  Creator.  The  student  has 
not  this  advantage.  He  is  conversant  only  with 
those  whose. minds  are  educated  to  a  certain  height, 
whose  manners  are  adopted,  whose  souls  are  veiled, 
so  that  their  lights  and  shadows  cannot  be  seen, 
and  therefore  where  he  would  instruct  and  elevate 
his  fellow-men,  he  often  fails. 

The  working-man,  therefore,  in  all  ages  of  the 
world,  has  been  more  successful  in  doing  good,  in 
advancing  the  interests  of  humanity,  than  a  man 
who  is  learned  only  in  book  knowledge.  The  lat- 
ter may  desire  to  do  as  much,  but  never  can  accom- 
plish it ;  being  ignorant  of  the  material  on  which 
he  is  working.  No  one  can  be  so  good  as  he  who 
has  been  governed.  No  one  can  speak  such  worda 
of  encouragement  and  sympathy  to  the  poor  and 
Buffering  as  he  who  has  really  felt,  not  imagined, 
their  hardships.  It  is  only  he  who  has  taught  him- 
self, who  has  worked  his  own  path  up,  that  can 


9±  PHONOGRAPHIC   TEACHER. 

stimulate  the  ignorant,  the  friendless,  and  forgotten* 
to  exertion.  Self-reliance  means  something  from 
him.  He  has  known  what  it  is  to  be  \\ithout  a 
friend;  he  knows  every  obstacle  which  lies  in  their 
pathway;  they  were  in  his.  No  one  can  enter  into 
the  feelings,  or  soothe  the  weary,  wounded  spirit  of 
the  toiler,  as  a  fellow-laborer  can,  who  has  battled 
with  poverty  and  ignorance,  and  gained  the  victory. 
His  hands  are  strong  to  uphold  his  fainting  brother. 
His  voice  is  clear  and  hopeful  to  whisper  words  of 
cheer.  He  can  point  onward  and  upward  while 
working  by  his  side.  The  trials  and  sufferings  he 
met  and  overcame  have  fitted  him  to  help  others. 
They  formed  his  character;  for,  as  in  the  natural 
world,  the  richest  fruit  must  be  touched  by  the 
frost  ere  it  ripens  and  mellows,  so  it  would  seem  in 
the  mental  world,  no  character  becomes  perfect 
until  it  is  touched  by  the  frosts  of  suffering. 

The  working-man  gives  example  as  well  as  pre- 
eopt  to  the  world.  He  is  in  it,  and  of  it,  and  can 
make  himself  felt  by  it,  in  a  manner  the  student 
cannot  who  lives  apart  from  its  active  scenes.  The 
latter  often  gets  too  far  above  it,  and  dwells  in  the 
regions  of  fancy  or  imagination,  so  that  he  cannot 
exert  a  practical  influence.  But  the  man  who 
works  as  well  as  studies,  is,  as  it  were,  midway 
between  heaven  and  earth — near  enough  to  earth 
to  feel  with  deep  sympathy  every  movement,  and 
near  enough  to  heaven's  lujht  and  knowledge  to 


PHONOGRAPHIC  TEACHER.  95 

point  others  to  the  right  way,  leading  upward. 
There  is  no  man  who  reflects  and  looks  into  the 
future  with  a  clear  eye,  but  must  discover  truths 
which  the  great  mass  of  mankind  are  not  prepared 
to  receive  calmly.  They  will  not  hear  them  with- 
out opposition.  And  here  the  working-man  tri- 
umphs. He  is  not  afraid  to  speak  wholesome  but 
disagreeable  truths.  No  one  can  take  away  his 
means  of  livelihood.  He  has  a  trade  to  work  at,  if 
his  pen  fails  to  support  him.  His  reputation  is  his 
own — his  friends  did  not  put  it  on  him.  He  is 
independent.  And  such  men  have  done  much  for 
the  world,  and  their  memory  is  blessed.  The  stu- 
dent often  conceals  what  he  knows  to  be  true, 
because  he  cannot  live  without  his  accustomed 
mode  of  maintenance,  his  reputation,  and  friends. 

The  working-man  also  exhibits  a  greater  degree 
of  freshness  and  originality  in  his  writings.  There 
is  a  naturalness  in  the  thoughts ;  they  come  from 
the  heart  and  go  to  other  hearts  with  a  force  they 
could  not  have,  if  first  analyzed  by  the  critic's  head. 
They  are  as  flowers  fresh  from  beside  the  hedge- 
row, fragrant  and  blooming;  not  flowers  taken  apart 
and  torn  by  the  botanist.  The  student  who  does 
not  let  the  emotions  of  kindness — those  sudden 
impulses  which  at  times  arise  in  the  soul  like  star- 
tled birds  in  a*  grove — gush  forth,  but  would  fiist 
dissect  them,  is  like  a  child  watching  bright  bub- 
bles on  a  silver  stream,  and,  anxious  to  know  what 

5 


J)6  PHONOGRAPHIC    TEACHER 

thoy  are  made  of,  puts  forth  his  tiny  hand  to  toucn, 
but  they  break,  and  the  charm  is  gone.  The  man 
at  work  in  God's  beautiful  world  gets  his  heart  too 
full ;  his  emotions  will  gush  forth,  and  they  fall  on 
other  hearts  like  summer  rain  on  the  parched  earth, 
causing  every  green  thing  to  grow,  and  the  desert 
to  bud  and  blossom  as  a  rose.  As  long  as  time 
shall  last,  the  pious  words  of  the  worker  Banyan 
snail  echo  through  the  earth.  And  the  music  which 
gushed  from  the  soul  of  Burns,  as  he  followed  the 
plow  and  sang  to  the  "  Wee  modest  crimson-tipped 
flower,"  shall  never  die  away  until  the  last  soul- 
chord  breaks,  for  such  music  is  immortal.  It  has 
its  home  in  every  soul,  and  vibrates  there;  but  all 
may  not  express  it.  And  that  noble  song,  "  A 
man's  a  man  for  a'  that,"  will  be  a  watchword  for 
future  generations. 

As  the  world  advances,  its  workers  take  a  higher 
position ;  the  dignity  of  labor  becomes  more  appa- 
rent. The  land  of  Franklin  has  shown  what  a 
single  nation  of  workers  can  do  towards  civilizing 
and  christianizing  a  globe!  The  time  draws  near 
when  he  who  does  nothing  will  le  nothing,  and 
when  there  will  be  no  aristocracy  but  that  of 
labor — no  noblemen  but  the  workers.  Not  until 
then  will  the  beneficral  influences  of  work  upon  the 
mind  be  fully  understood.  In  the  clear  light  of 
that  day  will  the  people  of  the  earth  begin  to  per- 
ceive the  wisdom  and  goodness  of  God,  who,  whec 


PHONOGRAPHIC   TEACHEK.  97 

he  created  man,  although  a  world  lay  before  him 
to  study,  yet  put  him  in  a  garden  to  "  keep  and 
dress"  it,  and  who  tempered  judgment  with  mercy 
when,  sending  him  forth  from  Edeu,'he  made  labor 
pleasant  and  desirable  to  him. 

[American  Phrenological  Journal. 

PHRASEOGRAPHY. 

By  an  extensive  use  of  phraseograms,  phono- 
graphic writing  is  executed  much  more  rapidly. 
They  are  made  by  joining  word-signs  or  two  or 
more  words  together,  without  raising  the  pen  from 
the  paper,  and  are  governed  by  a  few  simple  rules; 
and  are  as  legible  as  it  is  possible  for  writing  to  be. 

The  first  word-sign  or  word  in  a  phrase  should 
keep  its  natural  position,  but  the  word-signs  or 
words  that  are  joined  in  the  phrase,  may  take  any 
position  that  most  effectually  facilitates  the  writing. 
Thus,  the  phrase:  A  should  have  been  done.  It 

will  be  seen  here,  that  the  words,  have,  been,  and 
donet  are  thrown  out  of  their  proper  place  ;  or,  in 
other  words,  the  position  they  occupy  when  stand- 
ing alone. 

Phraseography  is  more  generally  introduced  into 
the  reporting  style,  but  a  limited  nuruber  of  phrases 
of  the  most  familiar  words  in  the  corresponding 
style  is  very  convenient. 


PHONOGRAPHIC   TEACH ER. 


PHRASEOGRAMS. 

^-  could  not, 
_^_^    could  not  be 

C  as  well  as, 

y  for  instance, 

i-^—  at  the  same  time, 

«-o  as  good  as, 

**  as  great  as, 

CLP  as  soon  as, 
*^»  you  must, 

L  it  is  not, 

\  to  be, 

L  it  is  not  to  be, 

^  which  would, 

{_  which  would  not, 

{^  wh  ich  woul  d  n  o  t  be, 

*  that  is, 


,>_  yo\i  must  not, 
*_,  you  can, 
V    I  have, 
^  I  have  not, 

I  have  not  had, 
SL^  I  have  not  seen, 

I  have  seen, 
V  we  have, 
V. we  have  not, 

we  have  seen, 
V  we  have  done, 

we  have  not  dout 

I  am, 

I  am  not, 

should  be, 
should  not  be, 


PHONOGRAPHIC   TE.ACHER. 


fc    this  is, 
j    so  as, 
J     so  as  to  be, 
,-K   must  be, 
V  in  such, 
"£>  in  such  a  case, 
^,  long  hand, 
£  short  hand, 
^    if  it, 
^   if  not, 
*)    there  are, 
\    there  are  not, 
y     it  should  not  be, 
^  I  will  not, 
*"  you  will  not, 
^  as  far, 
^  as  far  as, 
%   by  the. 


l\  it  should  be, 
^   so  as  to, 

as  soon  as  possible, 

if  it  had  not, 

I  have  not, 

I  must  have, 

I  must  not, 

I  must  not  have, 
**-  there  would  not, 
*-v       there     would     not 

have  been, 
I    with  which  it  is, 
L   with  which  it  is  not, 

with  which  it  we  uld 

have  been, 
^   are  not, 
,«..  as  it  were, 
x\  responsible, 


100  PHONOGRAPHIC   TEACHER. 

The  following  exercise  may  be  written  entirely 
with  the  word-signs,  and  will  make  a  practical 
application  of  most  of  them. 


WRITING  EXEROISE. 

Establishments  for  improvement,  and  for  know- 
ledge-in-general,  are  very  important  things  in  a 
kingdom ;  and  the  more  so,  where  it-is  usual  with- 
them  to  represent  and  acknowledge  good  principles. 
A  phonographic  establishment,  in  particular,  is  not- 
only  an  immediate  advantage  to  every  gentleman 
who-is  a  member  of  it,  but  to  all.  According  to 
general  opinion,  phonography  is  a  subject  we  should 
all  have  pleasure  in,  and  think  upon;  without  it, 
language  is  not  what-it-should-be :  a  remark  in- 
which  there-is  great  truth,  and  to-which  there-can- 
be  no  objection.  How,  or  on-what  principle,  can 
we-be  good  or  great  without-improvement?  Re- 
member that  every  thing  is  an  object  of-importance 
that  comes  under  it ;  and,  beyond  all,  that  the  sure- 
Word  (of  the)  Lord  God  was  given  for  improve- 
ment. 

After  what-I-have-told-yv.  a,  are-there  yet  objec- 
tions to-it  ?  Were  there,  an  account  of-them  would 
already  have-been  given.  Great  and  good  things 
cannot  come  together  without-improvement.  Should 
I-be  told-that  it-may -have-been-so,  I-shall  remark- 
that,  from  what-I-know  (of  the)  general  spirit  of  all. 


PHONOGRAPHIC   TEACHER.  101 

the  truth  is  as  I-have  given  it,  nor-can  you  object 
to-it.  In  short,  gentlemen,  establish  it  as  jour  first 
principle,  that-you-will-not  give  up;  but,  as  you- 
have  opportunity,  do  all  that-can-be-done  towards 
improvement  in  everything ;  so  will  you  give  pleas- 
ure, not-to-me-alone,  but  to  all. 


NOTES  FOR  THE  STUDENT. 

LABOR. — "  Nothing  good  without  labor,"  is  writ- 
ten all  over  the  intellectual  heavens.  Let  no  per- 
son suppose  that  phonography  will  be  acquired  by 
dreaming  over  it.  The  much-coveted  art  of  short- 
hand is  to  be  attained  only  by  persistent  study  and 
practice.  Hearty,  energetic  labor  is  not  half  so 
tiresome  as  a  lounging,  yawning,  listless  shirking. 
There  is  always  a  Sabbath  for  the  determined  work- 
er, but  for  the  persistent  shirker  there  is  a  trouble 
forever.  If  there  is  any  thing  that  troubles  you, 
seek  not  to  avoid  it :  meet  it  and  master  it.  And 
so  proceed  in  your  studies,  and  the  art  will  soon  be 
acquired.  For  the  want  of  this  lesson  many  hare 
doubtless  relinquished  phonography,  just  as  they 
liave  every  thing  else  which  they  were  not  com- 
pelled to  pursue,  and  have  lost  the  numerous 
advantages  of  an  art  which  is  easily  acquired, 


102  PHONOGRAPHIC   TEACHER. 

provided  it  be  studied  with  the  determination  to 
master  it. 

REPORTING  STYLE. — The  student  should  not  make 
any  attempt  to  write  in  the  reporting  style  till  the 
corresponding  style  can  be  written  and  read  with 
ease.  It  is  not  well  even  for  the  reporter  to  write 
very  contracted  forms.  Those  forms  which  occupy 
the  least  space  are  frequently  the  most  difficult  to 
write.  To  avoid  an  excess  of  contractions,  vocalize 
fully  for  some  time,  making  it  a  general  rule  that  a 
word- form  which  can  not  be  fully  and  easily  vocal- 
ized should  not  be  employed.  With  this  rule  in 
view,  such  words  as  bear,  J>ar,  far,  fall,  feel,  will 
not  be  written  with  the  I  and  r  hook-signs,  but  with 
full  phonographs.  With  few  exceptions,  the  best 
corresponding  forms  are  best  for  reporting.  The  prin- 
ciples of  the  reporting  style  are  fully  developed  in 
the  "  Reporter's  Manual,"  from  which  work  numer- 
ous persons  throughout  America  have  learned  to 
write  with  the  rapidity  of  speech.  An  accomplish- 
ment so  valuable  the  majority  of  phonographera 
will  strive  to  acquire,  though,  perhaps,  they  are 
not  intending  to  become  professional  reporters. 

PIIONOGKAPHIC  JOURNAL. — Just  as  soon  as  the  read- 
ing exercises  given  in  this  book  can  be  easily  read, 
the  student  should  subscribe  for  the  ^Phonograph-- 
ic    Magazine,  "    or  some  other  phonographic  jour- 
nal.    It  will  supply  reading  and  writing  exercises, 


PHONOGRAPHIC   TEACH FB.  103 

furnish  useful  and  entertaining  matter,  point  out 
the  pronunciation  with  greater  definiteness  than  the 
ordinary  pronouncing  dictionaries,  answer  your 
queries,  dispel  your  doubts,  remove  your  difficul- 
ties, give  you  the  best  outlines,  and  guard  against 
those  that  are  incorrect — in  fine,  render  easy  the 
acquisition  of  an  art  "  whose  usefulness,"  says  Dr. 
Johnson,  "  is  not  confined  to  any  particular  science 
or  profession,  but  is  universal." 

The  "  Phonographer"  may  be  made  serviceable 
in  this  manner :  Copy  out  of  it  an  article  into  long- 
hand (phonetic  longhand  is  best,  as  it  accustoms  the 
pupil  to  phonetic  analysis) ;  transcribe  the  article 
into  phonetic  shorthand  without  looking  at  the 
"  Phonographer ;"  compare  this  shorthand  copy 
with  the  original ;  correct  the  errors,  if  any,  and 
re-write.  Tin's  course  should  be  continued  so  long 
as  there  are  any  errors  to  correct,  when  another  ar- 
ticle should  be  copied.  Assiduous  practice  of  this 
kind  for  a  few  weeks  will  fix  the  forms  of  the  more 
frequent  and  effective  words  of  the  language.  It 
will  also  be  useful  to  copy  into  shorthand  the  pho- 
netic print  furnished  in  the  "Phonographer."  In 
this  case  the  pupil  has  the  phonetic  analysis  of  each 
word  provided  for  him. 

PHONOTYPY  AND  PHONETIC  LONGHAND  are  based 
upon  the  principle  of  a  sign  for  each  elementary 
sound—  no  more,  no  less.  Therefore,  double  letters 


104 


PHONOGRAPHIC    TEACH  KB 


are  employed  in  phonetic  print  and  phonetic  long 
hand  for  those  double  sounds  (diphthongs)  which 
are  expressed  in  phonography  (for  stenographic  rea- 
sons) by  single  letters,  such  as  ch  (composed  of  t 
and  &h\  j  (composed  of  d  and  zli),  pi,  jw,  t?',  dl.  I, 
oi,  ou,  ew.  It  will  be  observed  that  j  is  used  for 
zh,  as  in  French. 

The  complete  alphabet  is  as  follows  : 


01  w; 

food; 
H  u; 


LONG  VOWELS. 

*  I 

8 

f;                            Xi     ^| 

O  O,               Q  9, 

&  f 

«                          <j£   0. 

6r<*         &* 

Mt 

aga, 

<iir,             alma. 

all,                   ope, 

SHORT  VOWELS. 

li, 

E 

-j 

e,            A  a, 

0  o,           U  u, 

S9  A                        tf)J  /Lt 

it. 

e 

«<ig< 

s,  «rr,      at,  <vre,  pass, 

not,  nor,            c?/L  c;<r, 

DIPHTHONGS. 

CONSONANTS. 

* 

ai, 

oi,        ou,        iu  ; 

11  f*,       c£  d,       G  Q, 

et 

at 

fit          art          tu 

7i$       /><•/        /^/ 

by. 

ayt,     Yotce,        noje,       new; 

Win,            Wen,         vicious 

b.  d,  f,    g.  h,    j,      k,     1,   m,  n,   p.    r,     s,  t,    v,  w,  y,   z. 

le,  rfo,  />r,  go,  Ae,  edfire,  *ing,  /et,  ?ne,  »io,  pie,  roar,  »o,  fa,  tie,  tee,  yet,  «s<i. 

Phonotypy  closely  resembling  the  genuine  may 
be  produced  by  using  the  common  types  according 
to  the  following  scheme :  Long  Vowels — a,  TJ,  a  (or 
A),  o,  o'  (or  o),  iu.  /Short  Vowels — i,  e,  a,  o,  u  (or 
q),  u.  Diphthongs — ei,  ai,  oi,  ou,  iu.  Consonants — 
th,  th  (or  dh),  c  (or  sli),  ng,  b,  d,  f,  g,  h,  j,  k,  1,  rn, 
D,  p,  r,  s,  t,  v,  w,  z. 


\ 


y 


(    \  ;  -c    !    ^    '           '    \   /  \  •.   ,   '          '/•}.*•- 
/   )          \  •'•/'  \  .?*'•'  c  \ 

-    c  \    (      -N  ^      '     .    \    '      ^     < '  _      „  I, 


,  ^  '  *  '^  v  •  y  ^  v  \ 
.  \  s  s  .        J  ,  J  , 


-f  , 


1 


« 


\         v_^- 


y 


)  .  ^  /  _  -         A  \ 


S      • 


s~-;—  •c 

\ 


\ 


Y . ,  ••  * 


/ — I  ^ 


'••c,  \,^\ 
<  \  ^-^ ,\\~  r> 
'  i,.1'  r  ^  Y  ( 

-•^v.;       <-;  r  fT/ 


f"  •*  ^'- 


107 


s 


(   4.   C  ^ 


J 

' 


v 


-*•*,'   ^  >  -  \ 

^  X  v  .  k..J 


V  * 


f  .  \ 


r 


t       \ 


.   ^    /TV  ,   '  .   / 

•  r   -f  - 
J,  .1  ^  V  • 

V     C   ^ 


'.  4r*~~ 


108 


V 


^ 
< 


s 


^w\  \  . 

•  \r        \  \ 


\_    •    V 


_*    v    60 


0. 


40  .    ,    . 


J  „         X  I          )     ,  '        *-^'        \      ,.  ' 

^  i-/v  / 

^^^y 

^  *  <i  x»     u*. 


^ 


\ 


'^  ' 


-•.' 


ft 


109  I 


\  ^ 

C- 

.    r 


Jk 
.     \ 


V- 


\_      •      Sp      J    ,        '  C          ^        ^ 

>•)  r^.'v- 


r't  \     (  ^ 
.  (  (  .  i          -) 

fV.,     '      ;    -I     \_     -      V 

\    N    Y*   C  ^.:. 

f,-  \  I     ^.  X 

U  •    ^      fc5. 


n 


*>  ' 
C 


V 


v 

>        c- 


;      >   1>  U,   I     c 

-  • ,  >  A* x  "  > 


iEules  for  the  (pof  maiion  oj*     Sood    ^abiis.       *«* 


6  \ 


_        „   b    \    .   ~V'      , 

\\.-..i\-t-r  '  r 

V-N 

\_^^.   9   ^y    '  ^     '      I     ^^    ^    10    «^_    1     ^ 
v   \     ^    v     r      K,     11    ^v     ^x  .^   / .   L2    VV    -    N\  X 


;     t 

^          •  .  "- 


V*.  I 


Ill1 


<  f ,  T  '  v_,  *>  ^ ; 

9      V     V          >T 


v 


\    1 


•  L  >  U'. 
V^  J,  ^ 

w^- 

f ;-  S     <   •  *  - 


N.  .  ( 

-I 

N       / 


><,' 


l-  , 


C-  \ 


\ 


<H, 


LAW1 
PALLAS,  I£XAS 


tiling  tilings  rjijli'l.  '~^~    i, 

)  ^  ,  •  o>    )  " 

V         .1      %     )  ,    '      ^     ^\  , 


-x^">      '\     '    ^ 

)  ^  , 


I   ) 


K 


X    fc    - 


\  f 


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Chesterfield's  Art  of  Letter-Writing  Simplified. 

A  Guide  to  Friendly,  Affectionate,  Polite,  and  Business  Correspondence. 
Containing  a  large  collection  of  the  most  valuable  information,  relative  to 
i  rt  of  .Letter-  Writing,  with  clear  and  complete  instructions  how  to  be- 
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Epistolary  Intercourse,  with  several  important  hints  on  Love-Letters. 
Plice  .............................................................  12  cts. 

EjlOWiSOn's  Farrier,  and  Complete  Horse  Doctor.  We  have 
printed  a  new  and  revised  edition  of  this  celebrated  book,  which  contains 
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It  is  positively  the  best  book  of  the  kind  ever  written.  We  sell  it  cheap, 
because  of  the  immense  demand  for  it.  The  farmers  and  horse  keepers  like 
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their  horses.  We  sell  our  new-edition  (64  pages,  18mo)cheap.  Price..  -IS  cts. 

The  Art  Of  Conversation.  With  Kemarks  on  Fashion 
and  Address.  By  Mrs.  MABERLY.  This  is  the  best  book  on  the  subject  ever 
published.  It  contains  nothing  that  is  verbose  or  difficult  to  understand, 
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common-sense  manner,  so  that  any  one,  however  dull,  can  easily  compre- 
hend them.  64  pages  octavo,  large.  Price  ----------  .........  ____  25  cts. 


Horse-Taming  by  a  New  Method,  as  Practiced  by 

J.  S.  Rarey.  A  New  and  Improved  Edition,  containing  Mr.  Ilarey's  whole 
Secret  of  Subduing  and  Breaking  Vicious  Horses,  together  with  his  improved 
Plan  of  Managing  Young  Colts,  and  Breaking  them  to  the  Saddle,  the  Har- 
ness and  the  Sulkey,  with  ten  Engravings  illustrating  the  process.  Every 
person  who  keeps  a  horse  should  buy  this  book.  It  costs  but  a  trifle,  and 
you  will  positively  find  it  an  excellent  guide  in  the  management  of  that 
noble  animal.  This  is  a  very  handsome  book  of  64  pages.  Price-.-  12  cts. 

The  G-ame  Of  Whist.  Rules,  Directions  and  Maxims  to 
be  observed  in  playing  it.  Containing,  also,  Primary  Rules  for  Beginners, 
Explanations  and  Directions  for  Ol'  I  Players,  and  the  Laws  of  the  Game. 
Compiled  from  Hoyle  and  Matthews.  Also,  Loo,  Euchre,  and  Poker, 
as  now  generally  played.  With  an  explanation  of  Marked  Cards,  &c., 
&c.  Price  —  -  ____________________  ........  ___  ....................  1J?  cts. 

The  Ladies'  Love  Oracle;  or,  Counselor  to  the  Fair  Sex.. 
Being  a  Complete  Fortune  Teller  and  Interpreter  to  all  questions  upon  the 
different  events  and  situations  of  lite,  but  more  especially  relating  to  all 
circumstances  connected  with  Love,  Courtship  and  Marriage.  By  MADAMK 
LE  MARCUAxn.  Beautifully  illustrated  cover,  printed  in  colors. 
Price  .....................  .".  ......................................  30  cts. 

The   Laws   Of  Love.     A  Complete    Code  of   Gallantry. 
Containing  c^mi-e  rules  for  the  conduct  of  Couri  ship  through  its  entire 
progress,  aphorisms  <>1  love,  rules  for  telling  the  characters  and  dispositions 
of  women,  remedies  for  love,  and  an  Epistolary  Code.   12mo,  paper. 
Price  .............................................................  25  cts. 

The  Great  Wizard  of  the  North's  Hand-Book  of 

Natural  Magic.  Being  a  series  of  the  Newest  Tricks  of  Deception,  ar-  ' 
ranged  for  Amateurs  and  Lovers  of  the  Art.  By  Professor  J.  H.  ANDF.HSON-,  ' 
the  great  Wizard  of  tue  North.  Price  ...........................  25  cts. 


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Madam  Le  Normand's  Unerring  Fortune-Teller* 

Containing  the  celebrated  Oracle  of  Hunwn  Destiny,  or  Book  of  Fate 
being  nn  accurate  Interpreter  of  the  Mystical  Signs  and  Heavenly  Bodies; 
also  embracing  the  French,  Italian  and  English  methods  of  Telling  F<  r- 
tunes  with  Cards,  and  a  new  and  entertaining  process  of  Fortune  Telling 
xv:t'iDieo;  also  containing  seventy-nine  good  and  bad  Omens,  with  their 
Interpretation,  one  hundred  and  eighty-seven  Weather  Omens,  and  the 
Signification  of  all  the  Male  and  Female  Names  in  our  language.  This 
interesting  and  curious  book  was  written  by  MADAM  LF.  NORMAXD,  the 
great  French  Fortune-Teller,  who  was  frequently  consulted  l>y  the  F. 
Of  Napoleon,  and  it  differs  entirely  from  any  other  book  published  Jn  this 
country.  Those  purchasing  it  will  find  it  to  be  a  source  of  much  enter'nm- 
ir.cnt  and  fun  in  the  family  circle.  This  book  contains  144  pages,  and  is 
bound  in  pasteboard  sides,  with  cloth  back.  It  is  illustrated  with  numer- 
ous engravings.  It  also  contains  a  large  Colored  Lithographic  Engraving 
of  the  Mystical  Table,  or  Chart  of  Fate,  which  folds  up.  Pr.ce-— 4O 

Live  and  Learn  :  A  guide  for  all  those  who  \vish  to  speak 
and  write  correctly ;  particularly  intended  as  a  Book  of  Reference  for  the 
.Dilution  of  difficulties  connected  with  Grammar,  Composition,  Punctua- 
tion, &c.,  &c.,  containing  examples  of  one  thousand  mistakes  of  daily  oc- 
currence, in  speaking,  writing,  and  pronunciation.  216  pages,  cloth,  l.mo, 
Price 75 

The  Harp  of  a  Thousand  Strings ;  or-,  L  "/,//)Vr  far  a 

]jf<'!ime.     A  large  book  of  nearly  400  pages.     By  tlie  author  of 
Mrs.  Partington's  Carpet-Bag  of  Fun.    Bound  in  a  handsome  gilt  cover. 
Containing  more  than  a  iirlhon  lairrhs,  and  crowded  full  of  Funny  s 
besides  being  illustrated  with  over  Two  llundred  Comical  Engravings,  by 
Uarley,  M  :Lennan,  Bellew,  &c.    Price ;-.-jfl  £0 

Anecdotes  Of  Love.     Being  a  true  account  of  the  most  iv- 
markaWe  events  connected  with  the  History  of  Love  in  nil  Ages  and  among 
all  Nations.    By  LOLA  MONTEZ,   Countess  of  Landsfeklt.    Large, 
cloth.    Prk-e $1  £O 

Narratives  and  Adventures  of  Travelers  in  Africa. 

By  ruARi.Es  WILLIAMS,  lisa.  12mo,  cloth,  gilt  back.  Profusely  illustrated 
with  engravings.  Price .  '. $3  OO 

The  Book  of  1 ,000  Comical  Stories ;    or,  £,><!!  f.™  LV- 

past  of  Fun.    A.  rich  banquet  for  every  day  in  the  year,  with  s 
cs  iiii.lii.desnert.  BILL  OF  FARE:  Comprising  Tales  of  Humor,  Lan 
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the  author  of  "Mrs.  Partingion's  Carpet-Bag  of  Fun."    Large  12mo, 
Price $1  50 

The    Courtship   and    Adventures   of  Jonathan 

Homebred ;  or,  the  Scrapes  and  Escapes  of  a  Lire  Yoilce?. 
Beautifully  Illustrated.  12mo,  cloth.  This  book  is  printed  in  handsome 
style,  on  good  paper,  and  with  amusing  engravings.  Price— $1  50 

Etiquette  and  Usages  of  Society.  Containing  the  most 

Approved  Rules  for  Correct  Conduct  in  Social  and  Fashionable  Life — with 
Hints  to  both  Gentlemen  and  Ladies  on  Awkward  aid  Vulgar  Habits. 
Also,  the  Etiquette  of  Love  and  Courtship,  Marriage  Etiquette,  &c.,  &e., 

By  H.  P.  WILLIS.     A  book  of  64  pages.     Price 10 

Bound  in  cloth  with  gilt  side,  and  printed  on  fine  paper,  suitable  for  a  pres- 
ent to  a  lady.  Price. 5O 

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The  Bordeaux  Wine  and  Liquor-Dealers'  G-uide. 

A  Treatise  on  the  Manufacture  of  Liquors.  Bj- a  Practical  Liquor  Manu- 
facturer. 12mo,  cloth.  The  author,  after  telling  what  each  liquid  is 
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in  everything.  Each  formula  is  comprehensive — no  one  can  misunderstand 
it  Price, 52  50 

The  Ladies'  Guide  to  Beauty.    A  Companion  for  the 

Toilet.  Containing  practical  advice  on  improving  the  complexion,  the  hair, 
the  hands,  the  form,  the  teeth,  the  eyes,  the  feet,  the  features,  so  as  to  in- 
sure the  highest  degree  of  perfection  of  which  they  are  susceptible.  And 
also  upwards  of  one  hundred  recipes  for  various  cosmetics,  oils,  pomades, 
&o.,  &c.  Paper.  Price — . --  25  cts. 

Broad  Grins  of  the  Laughing  Philosopher-    Being 

a  Collection  of  Funny  Jokes,  Droll  Incidents,  and  Ludicrous  pictures.  By 
PICKLE  THE  YOUNGER.  This  book  is  really  a  good  one.  It  is  full  of  the 
drollest  incidents  imaginable,  interspersed  with  good  jokes,  quaint  sayings, 
and  funny  pictures.  Price - 13  cts. 

Yale  College  Scrapes  ;  or,  Hew  the  Bays  Go  It  at  Xew 

Hai'en.  This  is  a  book  of  111  pages,  containing  accounts  of  all  the  noted 
and  famous  "Scrai^es"  and  "  Sprees,"  of  which  students  at  Old  Yale  havo 
been  guilty  for  the  last  quarter  of  a  ceutury.  Price 25  cts. 

The  Comic  English  Grammar  ;  or,  A  Complete  Grammar 
of  our  Language,  viilh  Comic  Examples.  Illustrated  with  about  fifty 
Engravings.  Price 25  cts. 

The    Comical    Adventures   of  David  Dufficks. 

Illustrated  with  over  one  hundred  Funny  Engravings.    Large  octavo. 
Price 25  cts. 


BOITOD  SONG  BOOKS, 

Tony  Pastor's  Complete  Budget  of  Comic  Songs. 

Containing  a  complete  collection  of  the  New  and  Original  Songs,  Burlesque 
Orations,  Stump  Speeches,  Comic  Dialogues,  Pathetic  Ballads,  as  sung 
and  given  by  the  celebrated  Comic  Vocalist,  TONY  PASTOR.  Cloth, 
gilt.  Price $1  25 

The  Universal  Book  Of  SongS.  Containing  a  choice 
collection  of  400  new  Sentimental,  Scotch,  Irish,  Ethiopian  and  Comic 
Songs.  12mo,  cloth,  gilt.  Price -SI  25 

The  Encyclopedia  of  Popular  Songs.    Being  a  com- 

pil-ition  of  all  the  ne^.v  and  Fashionable  Patriotic,  Sentimental,  Ethiopian, 
Humorous,  Comic  and  Convivial  Songs,  the  whole  comprising  over  400 
t,.r.s=.  12mo,  cloth,  gilt.  Price $1  25 

Tony  Pastor's  Book  of  Six  Hundred  Comic 

Songs  and  Speeches.  Being  an  entire  collection  of  all  the 
Humorous  Songs,  Stump  Speeches,  Burlesque  Orations,  Fnnny  Scenes, 
Comic  Dnets,  Diverting  Dialosnes.  and  Local  Lyrics,  as  funs:  and  dven 
bv  the  unrivaled  C<>m!e  Tocnlist  and  Stump  Orator,  Tony  Pastor.  Bonnd 
In  Boards,  and  cloth  back.  Price $1  00 


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Di.y's    American    Ready-Reckoner.       r,;ntniriu<.r  I 

Tables  for  rapid  o-.ile.u'ations  of  Aggregate  A  i,  Salaries,  I 

Intero.-'t.  M»n  y,  ATI-.,  &o.    Also,  Tables  of  0  ii.>- 

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square  foot  (board measure)  or  cubic  foot  (timb  r  m.M.-ur<).     Also  ; 

.  are  AVood  by  the  Cord,  with  Tables  applicable  to  piles  of  AVo  >1  df  any 
•e,  and.  showing  iu  a  simple  manner  h  nts  in 

N  of  a  pile  of  any  shape.    Also,  Tables  of  Land  Mea  uremen'.s,  showing 
the  Contents  of  a  Piece  of  Land  of  almost  any  shape,  from  ii  quarter  a  en; 
up  to  ten  acres,  and  telling  eta  tly  how  to  measure  Ian  1  in  auyq' 
by  Chains  and  Links  or  by  Yards  and  Feet.    Also  telling  ho-,v 

fiecp  of  Land  in  deedin;  it.      Also  giving  information  as  to  acquir' 
n'i  a  Farm  on  the  Public  Lands  of  tin1  t'nivd  states,     l;,-  l;.  II   DAY. 
This  Ueady-lleckoner  iscomposed  of  Original  T.i  invcly 

correct,  having  been  revised  in  the  most  careful  manner.     It  is  a  book  of 
192  pages,  and  embraces  moro.mat.er  than  500  pages  of  any  other  Reckoner. 

Bound  in  boards,  with  cloth  ba"k.    Price - 50  cts. 

Bound  in  cloth,  gilt  back.    Price - 75  cts. 

Bound  in  leather  tuck*  (pocket-book  style).     Price '--$1  00 

Martine's   Letter-Writer    and    Etiquette  Com- 
bined.   For  the  USE  of  L-id-.cs  ; nd  Uentlemcn.    12mo.,  cloth,  eilt  .s, 
back.     A  great  many  books  have  been  printed  on  the  :  inettu 

and  correct  behavior  in  society,  but  none  of  them  arc  su:!i  ien'.  ly  > 
hemivo  and  matter-of-fact  to  t  -of  people  who  may  l-e  called  now 

beginners  in  fashionable  life.    This  book  is  entirely  different  from  others 
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over  300  sensible  letters  and  notes  suitable  to  every  occasion  in  life,  and  is 

frobab'v  the  best  treatise  on  Letter- Writing  that  his  ever  been  printed, 
t  gives  easily  understood  directions,  that  are  brief  and  to  the  point.    It   j 

>me  excellent  model  letters  of  friendship  and  business,  and  its  model 
Love-Letters  are  unequalcd.  If  any  lady  or  gentleman  desires  to  know 
how  to  begin  a  love  correspondence,  this  is  just  the  book  they  w  int.  T!rs 
volume  contains  the  same  matter  as  "Martinis  Hand-Book  of  K'iqiietie" 
and  "Marline's  Sensible  Letter-  Writer,"  ;ind,  in  t'.;  t,  <  in  lines  those  two 
bowks  bound  together  in  one  substantial  volume  of  373  pages.  $1  50 

The  Independent  Liquorist ;  or,  The  Art  of  Manu- 
facturing all  kinds  of  Syrups,  Bitters,  Cordials,  Champagne, 
Wiu"s,  Lag-^r  Baer,  Ale,  Porter,  Beer,  Punches,  Tinctures, 
Extracts,  Brandy,  Gin,  Essences,  Flavoring:?!,  Colorings, 
Sauces,  Catsups,  Pickle^,  rr_-S3rve8,  etc.  1'y  r>-  MOSZHKT,  Pr.-u-t:- 

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k-?eper,  Farmer,  Fmit  Dealer,  Wine  Merchant,  and  every  private  family 
should  have  a  cop  .  of  this  work.     It  gives  the  mo-t  ap-irovnd 
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prepared,  in  such  plain  terms,  that  the  most  inexperiences 
manufacture  as  well  as  the  practical  man,  without  the  aid  of  any  expensive 
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Miner's  Domestic  Poultry  Book.    - 

History,  Breeding  avrl  General  Management  of  Foreign  and  I)>>mrs!ic  Fr>ir?s. 
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from  Life.    Bound  in  cloth.    Price $1  50 


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The  Parlor  Stage.  A  collection  of  Drawing-Room  Proverbs, 
id  Tableaux  Vivants.  By  Miss  S.  A.  FKOST.  The  authoress 
of  this  attra-.-tive  volume  li;is  ]>eii'ormed  hrr  ta-k  with  skill,  talent,  and  wo 
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jinrlor  wuh  folding  or%liding  doors  is  suitable  for  their  representation  (or, 
if  tlit-re  are  no  sliding  or  folding  doors,  a  temporary  curtain  will  answer). 
The  dresses  are  all  those  of  modern  society,  and  the  scenery  and  properties 
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amusing.  368  pages,  small  ostavo,  cloth,  gilt  side  and  back,  beveled  edges. 
Trice  ..............................................................  $1  50 

The  Combination  Fortune-Teller  and  Dictionary 

of  Dreams.    Being  a  comprehensive  Encyclopedia,  explaining  all  tne 

different  methods  extant  by  which  good  and  evil  events,  and  questions  of 

L  >ve  and  Matrimony    are  foretold  by  moans  of  Cards,  Dice,  Dominoes, 

:s,  Tea-leaves  and  Coffee-grounds  ;  also,  prognostications 

by  Chirms,  Ceremonies,  Omens,  and  Moles,  the  *  Features  and  Form,  Lines 

of  the  Hands,  Spots  on  the  Body,   Lucky  and  Unlucky  Days,  etc:  to  which 

nre  a  IJeJ,  a  description  of  the  Divining  or  Lu  kUoo,  the  Golden  Wheel  of 

Fortune,  The  My.-tioal  TaMe  or  Chart  of  Fate,  the  Ladies'  Love  Oracle, 

.fun's  Orseulum,  the  Language  of  Flowers,  one  hundred  and  eighty- 

l  a  complete  Dictionary  of  Dreams  with  their  in- 

terpretuti'  >!!.=,  containing  430  pages  and  illustrated  with  numerous  engrav- 
ing an  1  two  lnr.re  colored  Lithoeraphs.  The  wholecombining  "  Madame  Le 
X  i  :n:ir.  I's  Unerring  Fortune-Teller,"  "Fontaine's  Golden  WTieel  Fortunc- 
'IV'l'er,"  and  "  Madame  LeMarchand's  Fortune-Teller  and  Dreamer's 
Dictionary."  .12mo.,  cloth.  Price  --------------------------------  $1  25 

De  "Walden's  Ball-Boom  Companion;  or,  Danc- 

ing Ma^e  Easy.  A  Complete  Practical  Instructor  in  the  art  of  Danc- 
in'-r.  containing  all  the  fashionable  and  approved  Dances,  directions  for 
c-illinf;  the  Figures,  &c.  By  E.MII.E  DE  WALDEX,  Teacher  of  Dancing. 

i'Ook  gives  instruction,  in  Deportment,  KuJiments  and  Positions,  Bows 
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the  celebrated  "  GERMAN,"  or  Cotillion.    Bound  in  boards,  cloth  back. 
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"Walker's  Cribbage  Made  Easy.    Bein-  a  new  and 

complete  Treatise  on  the  pame  in  all  varieties  ;  including  the  whole  of  An- 
thony Pasquin's  scientific  work  on    Five-Curl  Cribbage.      By   GEORGE 
"\VALKF.R,  ESQ.    Tins  is  a  very  comprehensive  work  on  this  Game,  being  the 
m;i~t  complete  ever  written.  "  It  contains  over  500  examples  of  how  to  dis- 
card, for  your  own  and  your  adversary's  crib.     Small  octavo,  1-12 

i  in  boards,  with  muslin  back.    Price  ------------------------  75  cts. 

Bound  in  cloth,  gilt  side.    Price  ...................................  $1  00 

Silt  LovineiOOd.  Yarns  spun  by  "A  Xr-t'ral  Born  Durn'd 
Fool."  "Warped  and  "Wove  for  Public  Wear  by  GEOIIGK  "ST.  HARRIS.  Il- 
lustrated with  eight  fine  full-papre  enjrr.ivinsrs  from  designs  by  HOWARD. 
This  book  is  crammed  full  of  the  most  laughable  stories  ever  published. 
12mo.,  tinted  paper,  cloth,  beveled  eflzcs.  Price  --------  ..........  SI  75 


Sand 


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FORTUNE  TELLERS  &  DREAM  BOOKS. 

Fontaine's  Golden  Wheel  Dream  Book  and  For- 

TUNE  TELLER.  By  FELIX  FONTAJXE,  Fortune-Teller  and  Aatrologer. 
Being  tho  most  complete  book  on  Fortune  Telling  .md  Interpreting  I 
ever  printed.  Each  Dream  has  tho  LUCKY  NUMBER  which  tha  DrMIB  signi- 
fies attached  to  it,  and  those  who  wish  to  purchase  Lottery  Tickets  will  do 
'  well  to  consult  them.  This  hook  also  informs  you  how  to  TKI.I.  FOKII  NES 
with  the  Golden  Wheel,  Cards,  Ifice  ami  J'  unin'ifs  *  how  to  find  where  to  dig 
for  water,  coal,  oil,  aud  all  kinds  of  metals,  with  the  celebrated  DIVINING 
ROD  ;  Charms  to  make  your  Sweetheait  love  you  ;  to  make  your  Lovi  r  pop 
the  question;  together  with  Twenty  Ways  of  Telling  Fe.:  tunes  on  Xew 
Year's  Eve.  This  book  contains  114  pages,  and  is  hound  in  pasteboard  M.les, 
with  cloth  back.  It  is  illustrated  with  numerous  entrravinps.  It  also 
contains  a  large  Colored  Lithographic  Engraving  of  the  Golden  Whrel, 
which  folds  up.  It  is  the  cheapest  on.  our  list.  Price 40  cts. 

L9  Marchand's  Fortune  Teller  and  Dreamer's 

DICTIONARY.  Containing  a  complete  Dictionaryof  Dreams  alpha heli- 
cally arranged,  with  a  clear  interpretation  of  each  Dream,  and  the  Lucky 
Numbers  that  belong  to  them.  Also  showing  how  to  1  by  the 
"Wonderful  and  Mysterious  Lady's  Love  Oracle.  How  to  Foretell  the  Sex 
an  I  Dumber  of  Children.  How  to  Mnke  a  Lover  or  Sweetheart  Come  10 
You.  To  tell  whether  your  Lover  or  Sweetheart  Loves  you.  How  to  tell 
any  Person's  Age.  To 'know  who  your  future  Husband  will  be,  :>.nd  how 
eoon  y<;u  will  Ve  Married.  To  ascertain  whether  your  II usbund  or  "Wife  is 
True  to  You.  How  to  tell  Future  Events  with  Cards,  Dice,  Tea  and  Coffee 
Grounds,  Eggs,  Apple  Tarings,  and  the  Lines  of  the  Hand.  How  to  tell  a 
Person's  Character  by  Cabalistic  Calculations,  &c.  By MADAMK  I.E  MAII- 
CHAXD,  the  celebrated  Parisian  Fortune  Teller.  Illustrate. 1  with  numerous 
"Wood  Engravings.  This  book  contains  144  pages,  and  is  bound  in  paste- 
board, with  cloth  back.  Trice . - 40  cts. 

Pettengill's  Perfect  Fortune  Teller  and  Dream 

BOOK  ;  or.  The  Art  of  Discerning  Future  Events.  This  is  a  most  complete 
Fortune-Teller  and  Dream  Book.  It  is  compiled  with  great  care  from 
authorities  on  Astroloey,  Geology,  Chiromancy,  Necromancy,  Spiritual 
Philosophy,  &C.,  &c.  Among  the  subjects  treated  of  are — Casting  Nativities 
by  the  Stars.  Telling  Fortunes  by  Lines  on  the  Hand,  by  Moles  on  the 
Body,  by  Turning  Cards,  by  Questions  of  Destiny,  by  Physi.  al  Appea : 
by  UttO  Day  of  Birth,  &c.  Signs  of  Character  from  the  Shape  of  the  Finger 
Nails,  the  Nose,  the  Eyes,  the  Marks  on  the  Body,  the  Shape  of  the  Head  ; 
and  also  Signs  to  Choose  Husbands  and  ^Vives,  ice.  A  book  of  144  pi -res, 
bound  in  boards,  with  cloth  back.  Price - 40  cts. 

The  Everlasting  Fortune  Teller  and  Magnetic 

DREAM  BOOK.    Containing;  the   Sciences  of  Foretelling  Events  by  the 
Signs  of  the  Zodiac.    Lists  of  Lucky  ;md  Unlucky  Days.    List  of  Fortunate 
Hours.    The  Science  of  Foretelling  Events  ky  Cards,  Dice,  Domino 
The  Science  of  Foretelling  anything  in  the  Fu-.ure  by  Dreams;  -;nd  also  con- 
taining NAPOLEON'S  OUACULVM,  or  tho  Book  of  Fate.    Price  only. -30  cts. 

The    Magician's    Own    Book.     Being  a  Handbook   of 

Parlor    Magic,  and  containing    several  hundred   amusing  Magical. 
netical,  Electrical  and  Chemical  Experiments,  Astonishing  Transmul 
Wonderful  Sloight-of-Hand  and  Card  Tricks,  Curiovs  an  1  Perplexing  Puz- 
zles, Quaint  Questions  in  Numbers,  &c.,  together  with  all  tho  mcs,t  noted 
Tricks  of  Modern  P-Tformers.     Illustrated  with  over  500  Wood  Eiiar""'1^, 
12mo.,  cloth,  gilt  side  and  back  stamp,  400  pages.    Price I.$l  6O 


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Cpurteney's  Dictionary  of  Abbreviations ;  Literary, 

Scientific,  Commercial,  Ecclesiastical,  Military,  If  aval,  Legal  and  Medical. 
A  book  of  reference— 3,000  abbreviations— for  the  solution  of  all  literary 
mysteries.  By  EDWARD  S.  C.  COURTENEY,  Esq.  This  is  a  very  useful  book. 
Everybody  should  get  a  copy.  Price 12  cts. 

Blunders  in  Behavior  Corrected.    A  Concise  Code  of 

Deportment  for  both  sexes.    Price 12  cts 

"  It  will  polish,  and  refine  either  sex,  and  is  Chesterfield  superseded."— Home 
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Five  Hundred  French  Phrases.    Adapted  for  those 

who  aspire  to  speak  and  write  French,  correctly.    Price 12  cts. 

How  to  Detect  Adulteration  in  Our  Daily  Food 

and  Drink.  A  complete  analysis  of  the  frauds  and  deceptions  practiced 
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The  Young  Housekeeper's  Book ;  or,  How  to  Have 

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How  to  be  Healthy  ;  Being  a  Complete  Guide  to. Long 
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How  to  Cut  and  Contrive  Children's  Clothes  at 

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HOW  to  Talk  and  Debate  ;  or,  Fluency  of  Speech  Attained 
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Hard  Words  Made  Easy.  Eules  for  Pronunciation  and 
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Russian,  Danish,  Dutch,  Swedish,  Norwegian,  add  other  foreign  names.  A 
capital  work.  Price — ...12  cts. 

Bridal  Etiquette.  A  Sensible  Guide  to  the  Etiquette  and 
Observances  of  the  Marriage  Ceremonies  ;  containing  complete  directions 
for  Bridal  Receptions,  and  the  necessary  rules  for  bridesmaids,  groomsmen, 
sending  cards,  &e-,  &c.  Price 12  cts. 

How  to  Behave  ;  or,  The  Spirit  of  Etiquette.  A  Complete 
Guide  to  Polite  Society,  for  Ladies  and  Gentlemen ;  containing  rules  for 
pood  behavior  at  the  dinner  table,  in  the  parlor,  and  in  the  street ;  with 
important  hints  on  introduction,  conversation,  Occ.  Price .---12  cts. 

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Dr.    Valentine's    Comic    Lectures;  or,  J/br. 

Mirth  for  the  Melancholy.  A  budget  of  Wit  and  Humor,  un  I  a  certain 
cure  for  the  blues  and  all  other  serious  complaints.  <  •  (,'omic 

Lectures  on  Heads,  Faces,  Noses,  Mouths,  Animal  Maimi-u^m,   Etc.,  with 
Specimens  ef  Eloquence,  Transactions  of  Learned  Societies,  1  )d:i'  ation-  nf 
Eccentric  Characters,  Comic  Songs,  Etc.,   Etc.      13y  Dr.  W.  VALIO 
the  favorite  Delineator  of  Eccentric  Chnnyters.     Illustrated  wi'h  twelve 
portraits  of  Dr.   Valentino,    in  his  most  celebrate-.!    characters.      12ni<>, 

cloth,  gilt.     Price SI  25 

Ornamental  paper  cover.    Price : 75  cts. 

Dr.  Valentine's  Comic  Metamorphoses.    Being  the 

second  series  of  Dr.  Valentine's  Lectures,  with  Characters,  as  piven  l>y  the 
late  Yankee  Hill.  Embellished  with  numerous  portraits.  Ornamontal 

paper  cover.     1'rice 75  cts. 

Cloth,  gilt.    Price — $1  25 

Mrs.  Partington's  Carpet-Bag  of  Fun.  A  Collec- 
tion of  over  one  thousand  of  the  most  Comical  Stories,  Amusing  Adven- 
tures Side-Splitting  Jokes,  Cheek-Extending  Poetry,  Funny  Conundrums, 
QUEER  SAYINGS  OF  MRS.  PARTINGTON,  Heart-Uending  Puns 
"Witty  Repartees,  Etc.,  Etc.  The  whole  illustrated  by  about  150  comic 

woodcuts.     l^iiio,300  pages,  cloth,  gilt.    Price - SI  25 

Ornamented  pa  per  covers.    Price 75  cts. 

Sam   Slick   in  Search    of  a  "Wife.     12mo,  paper. 

Price 73  Cts. 

Cloth.    Price $1  25 

Everybody  has  heard  of  "  Sam  Slick,  the  Clockmaker,"  and  he  has  given 
his  opinion  on  almost  everything.- 

Sam  Slick's  Nature  and  Human  Nature.    L.ir^ 

12mo.    Paper.    Price 75  cts. 

Cloth.    Price $1  25 

The    Attache;    or,    Sam  Slick  in  England.     12mo.     Paper. 

Price - 75  cts. 

Cloth.    Price — $1  25 

Sam  Slick's  Sayings  and  Doings.  Paper.  Price  75  cts. 

Cloth.    Price $1  25 

Ladies'  Guide  to  Crochet.  By  Mrs.  ANN  S.  STEPHENS. 
Copiously  illustrated  with  original  and  very  choice  designs  in  Crochet, 
Etc.,  printed  in  colors,  separate  from  the  letter-press,  on  tinted  paper. 
Also  with  numerous  wood-cuts,  printed  with  the  letter-press,  explanatory 
of  terms,  Etc.  Bound  in  extra  cloth,  gilt.  This  is  by  far  the  best  work  on 
the  subject  of  Crochet  ever  published.  Price  $1  25 

The  Laughable  Adventures  of  Messrs.  Brown, 

Jones  and  Robinson.  Showing  where  they  went  nnd  how  they  went ; 
what  they  did  and  how  they  did  it.  "With  nearly  two  hundred1  most  thril- 
lingly  comic  engravings.  Price 30  cts. 

The  Knapsack  Full  of  Fun ;  or,  One  7 

of  Laughter.  Illustrated  with  over  500  comical  Engravings,  and  contain- 
in*  over  one  thousand  Jokes  and  Funny  Stories.  By  DOESTIC-KS  and  other 
witty  writers.  Large  quarto.  Price 30  cts. 

The  Plate  of  Chowder;  AD'ishfor  Fu><,  .    Ap- 

propriately illustrated  with  100  Comic  Engravings.  By  the  author  of 
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clie's  Manual  Of  CheSS.  Containing  a  description 
nf  the  Board  and  the  Pieces,  Chess  Kotation,  Technical  Terms  with  dia- 
grams illustrating  them.  Relative  Value  of  the  Pieces,  Laws  of  the  Game, 
General  Observations  on  the  Pieces,  Preliminary  Games  for  Beginners, 
Fifty  Openings  of  Games,  giving  all  the  latest  discoveries  of  modern  Mas- 
ters, with  best  games  and  copious  notes.  Twenty  Endings  of  Games,  show- 
ing easiest  ways  of  effecting  Checkmate.  Thirty-six  ingenious  Diagram 
Problems  and  Sixteen  curious  Chess  Stratagems.  To  which  is  added  a 
Treatise  on  the  Games  of  liackgammon,  Russian  Backgammon  and  Dom- 
inoes, the  whole  being  one  of  the  best  Books  for  Beginners  ever  published. 
By  Is".  MARATHE,  Chess  Editor  of  "Wakes'  Spirit  of  the  Times."  Bound 

in  hoards,  cloth  back.    Price 5O  cts. 

Bound  in  cloth,  giltside.     Price 75  cts. 

Book  Of  Household  Pets.  Containing  valuable  in- 
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Canary,  Mneking  liird,  Brown  Thrush,  or  Thrasher,  Bluebird,  Yellow  Bird, 
Scarlet  Tanager,  Bobolink,  Baltimore  Oriole,  European  Blackbird,  Blue 
Jay,  Blue  and  Yellow  Macaw,  Carolina  Parrakeet,  Cockatoo,  Green  and 
Gray  Parrot,  and  the  rearing  and  management  of  all  kinds  of  Pigeons  and 
Fancy  Poultry,  Rabbits,  Squirrels,  Guinea  Pigs,  White  Mice,  and  Dogs; 
together  with  a  Comprehensive  Treatise  on  the  Principle  and  Management 
of  the  Salt  and  Fresh  Water  Aquarium,  with  instructions  how  to  make,  lay 
the  Foundation,  and  sto'-k  the  Tank.  Illustrated  with  123  fine  wood-cuts. 

Bound  in  boards,  cloth  back.     Price . 50   cts. 

Bound  in  cloth,  gilt  side.     Price 75  cts. 

Athletic  Sports  for  Boys.  A  Repository  of  Graceful 
Recreations  for  Youth,  containing  clear  nnd  complete  instructions  in  Gym- 
mstic.  Limb  Exercises,  Jumpinsr,  Pole  Leaping,  Dumb  Bells,  Indian  Clubs, 
Parallel  Burs,  the  Horizontal  Ear,  The  Trapeze,  The  Suspended  Ropes, 
Skating,  Swimming,  Rowing,  Sailing,  Horsemanship,  Riding,  Driving, 
Angling,  Fencing  and  Broadsword.  The  whole  splendidly  illustrated  with 
194  fine  wood-cuts  and  diagrams.  Bound  in  boards,  with  cloth  bark. 

Price 75   c<s. 

Bound  in  cioth,  gilt  side.    Price 1    OO 

The  Play-Hoom  ;    or,  In-Door  Games  far  E&fs  and  Girls; 
including  Round  Games  and  Forfeits,  Slate  and  Board  Games  from  the 
pimple  Game  of  Tit-Tat -To  to  the  Scientific  Game  of  Chess ;   also  numerous 
Table  an-1  Toy  Games  together  with  a  large  collection  of  Evening 
ments.  Comprehending  Comic  Diversions,  Parlor  Magic,  Tn   i 

•itifi  •  U  'en/at;  ons  ;:nd  Puzzles.  Profusely  illustrated  with  197  finewood- 

Bound  in  boards  with  cloth,  back;    Price. 50  cts. 

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The  Play  Ground  ;  or,  Out-Door  Games  for  /?,-<;/.<•.      A  Book 
of  Healthy  Recreations  for  Youth,  containing  orer  a  hun  Iiv.':  A'rri-ements, 
including  Games  of  Activity  and  Speed  ;  Games  vrith'JVy-.  _Y 
Hoops,  Kites,  Archery,  Balls;  irith  Cricket,  Croquet  and  Base-Ball.  Splc-n- 
<!;  !  y  illustrated  with  124  fine  wood-cuts.     Bound  in  boards,  cloth  bark. 

50   cts. 


The  American  Card  Player.     Containing  clear  and 

r-imprehensi  redirections  for  playing  the  Games  of  Euchre,  Whist,  liezique, 
re,  Freinh  Fours,  Cribbage,   Cassino,  Straight  and  Draw  Poker, 
Whisky  Poker  and  Commercial  Pitch,  together  with   all  the  laws  of  those 

1  JO  pages,  bound  in  boards  with  cloth  back.      Price 50   ctg. 

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Chestf 


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1ARY  FACILITY 


J 


Q/^\  /-\  mm  mi  inn  in""""1         ~nr- 

A    000  570  405 

rPV»o'Por1r>y  TV/Tciorirvian  •  nr   fhv  TTundrrd  Tricks  for  the  Draw- 

:elianepus  Collection  of  Con- 
,  Dominoes,  Cards,  Ribbons, 
.,  all  of  which  may  be  Per- 
>ut  the  aid  of  any  apparatus  ; 
cceptions,  which  Ay  be  per- 

____^^___^___^_ e  whole  illustraf'cj.  and  clear-    f 

re,  price 30  cts. 

SOcts.    ( 

Hundred    Home  ( 

irious  Collection  of  Riddles,  ) 

•anspositions,    Conundrums,  1 

>ns  in  Arithmetic,  Fireside  / 

ining  Amusements  in  Mag-  I 

i  Kecreations  in  Science  for  j 

ty  engravings.  Paper  covers,*  \ 

30<t>.  I 

5O  cts.  | 

Containing  an  Explana-    ) 
25  6  '  the  Family  Circle  as  a  Ee- 

ch  merely  require  attention, 
which  have  for  their  objects 

_  .  opportunity  is  aiforded  to 

185 O8L  wledge   of  certain   Sciences, 

r  Evening  Amuscmpnt,  etc. 

SO  cts. 

50  cts. 

aining  Explanations  of 
}ards  ever  invented,  embra- 
-hand  ;  by  the  aid  of  Mrm- 
)f  the  Cards ;  by  the  aid  of 
id  of  Prepared  Cards.  The 
seventy  engravings.  Paper 

SO  cts. 

-59  cts. 

ings'  Entertainment.  C'on- 
^.ctinp  Charades,  or  Drawing 
•aux  Tivants,  &c. ;  with  In- 
.  .^tupre  and  Curtain ;  how  to 
ing  tip  "  of  Characters,  Ex- 
tc.  Illustrated  with  Enara-  ) 

30ns.     1 

50  cts.     / 


IZZleS.      Containinc:  a 

larpfB  jaUflctlon "oT  enfcrtalfiMg  i-araao5es"Terplexing  Deception  in  nv.ui- 
bers,  and  Amusing  Tricks  in  Geometry.  By  the  author  of  "  The  Sociable," 
"  The  Secret  Out,"  "  The  Magician's  Own  Book."  Illustrated  with  ;i  Great 
Variety  of  Engravings.  This  book  will  have.a  large  sale.  It  will  furnish 

Fun  and  Amusement  for  a  whole  winter.    Paper  covers,  price 30  cts. 

Bound  in  boards,  with  cloth  back 5O  cts. 

DICK  &  FITZGERALD,  IS  Ana.  St.,  NT.  T. 


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GO 


OB 


BOOKS 


of    !*«>.-;(  ri^o    at    tlie    IPrioes     : 


1  e  Mare'uaiid's  Fortune  Teller  and  Dream  Book, 35  cts 

'.Tie  Young  Reporter ;  or,  How  to  Write  Shor  £  Hand, 35 

Brisbane's  Golden  Ready-Reckoner , ,-----  -  -  35 

The  American  Hoyle;  or,  Gentleman's  Book  of  Gam  as, 2  00 

The  Eookof  Riddles,  and  500  Amusements,  -c -*--50 

The  Pailo"  Magician,  2DO  Illustrations,  50 

I  rlor  Ti  icks  with  Cards, 50 

Hillgn    j's  "Ball Room  Guide, ---75 

i'etteng  ,11's  Fortune  Teller  and  Dream  Bool:,  -  -  

Cheste -"Tield's  Etiquette  and  Letter  Writer  .-   -.hired, - 35 

Ft  nt;j    i's  Golden  Wheel  Dream  Book  jix.3.    <.->••  m,e  Teller,  -  -  • 

Ev3r  a  ^*t?  Fu-<;une  Teller  and  Magner*         .    'ook, 30 

lOOGr    „:  .  '  Tricks  TOtli  Card*  Ex-  25    " 

WilJv-  r"r  "isagesof  S,-::)-.  •       13 

T\    '    .'  -oil  p.  Mc^it  r  of  Frscma..ji.a... ,  -1  00 

r,  Etiqaotteaid  .•  .  ~><> 

^       ^'  i  jrtima  Teller  of  Love,  coarts'-.ip,  an  1  Marn  : .-:  • 

.   'W  t(  j*Uy  V»  liist,  Euchre,  Loo,  and  Poker, 

Horse"1   ling,  as  practiced  by  J.  H.  Rarey,  —  13 

ilEOwl  :. '   Complete  Farrier  and  Horse  Doctor, 13 

Al-T&a  ~  ar-Tur  Circle;  or,  How  to  Will  a  Sweetheart  or  Lover,  --25 
Pook ., .  fireside  Games  for  Home  Amusement,  -  -  o  •  > 

Book  of  500  Curious  Puzzles,  with  100  Illustration;.  lO 

',' 13  Secret  Out;  or,  1,000  Tricks  with  Cards, 150 

II  >w to  ifix  Eriaks,  containing  800  R?^es, 2  50 

O  Mte  .field's  Art  of  letter- Writing  Simplified,- 13 

.^L,'v,-s  of  Love;  or.  How  to  Conduct  a  Courtship,--- -    25 

, w  \,  Woo  and  How  to  Win ;  or,  Rules  for  C-.inrto'iip,  - 

Rl  \ uette,  with  Rules  for  Bridesmaids, -  - 

Howt(     ahave;  or,  The  Spirit  of  Etiqin 

Mind\onr  Stops;  or,  Punctuation  Made  Plain,  1J 

Dictionary  of  3,000  Abbreviations, 13 

Blunders  in  Benavior  Corrected - 13 

How  to  Talk  and  Debate, --- — 

Ladies'  G^ida  to  Beauty,  containing  over  500  Recipes,- -- 

I1  die-    ~V.de  to  Crochet.    Cloth,  Gilt, ---•  -: 

"   =>&         ;an  Home  Cook  Bool:     30 

.1 ;  or,  1,000  Mistakes  in  Spor  king  and  Writing 

- -- 75 

asonary  Expos  ed  and  Explained,  -  -  - 

te  T-  ...;y,  and  How  to  Wrestle,-  -  13  . 

•  -d<  rasy ;  or,  *be  Art  of  Making  Love  fully  Explained,  1J-    '        ' 
n  '„  <  Beauty.    Bv  Lola  Hontez,-— 
.!  of  Ohecknrs  Simplified  and  Explained,---  -•-•> 

.u  ordR,3  to      DI^K  &  FITZG-ERAL: 

Pnblistiers,  No.  18  Ann  Street,  New 


